Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Oncology Letters
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-1074 Online ISSN: 1792-1082
Journal Cover
December-2020 Volume 20 Issue 6

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
December-2020 Volume 20 Issue 6

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML

  • Supplementary Files
    • Supplementary_Data.pdf
Article Open Access

7‑dehydrocholesterol suppresses melanoma cell proliferation and invasion via Akt1/NF‑κB signaling

  • Authors:
    • Jia Liu
    • Feiliang Zhong
    • Lei Cao
    • Ruiying Zhu
    • Junze Qu
    • Lin Yang
    • Tingting Chen
    • Yunlong Hu
    • Ying Wang
    • Mingdong Yao
    • Wenhai Xiao
    • Chun Li
    • Bo Li
    • Yingjin Yuan
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300041, P.R. China, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P.R. China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Liu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 398
    |
    Published online on: October 29, 2020
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.12261
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Melanoma is the most lethal cutaneous cancer with a high metastatic rate worldwide, causing ~55,500 deaths annually. Although the selective B‑Raf oncogene serine/threonine‑kinase (BRAF) inhibitors, dabrafenib and vemurafenib, have been approved for the treatment of BRAF‑mutant metastatic melanoma, the 5‑year survival rate remains unfavorable due to acquired therapy resistance. Therefore, it is of great importance to develop alternative therapeutic drugs and uncover their mechanisms for the treatment of melanoma. 7‑dehydrocholesterol (7‑DHC) has been demonstrated to inhibit melanoma, but the mechanism is unclear. Therefore, the present study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms of the inhibitory effect of 7‑DHC in melanoma cells via analyzing the proliferation, migration, apoptosis, cell cycle and transcriptional sequencing of melanoma cells treated with 7‑DHC, as well as constructing a gene signature according to public data of patients with melanoma. In the present study, 7‑DHC, the precursor of vitamin D3, was able to induce apoptosis and inhibit cell proliferation and invasion of melanoma cells in a dose‑dependent manner. RNA sequencing of melanoma cells treated with different concentrations of 7‑DHC revealed that, compared with untreated melanoma cells, 65 genes were downregulated, and genes involved in the regulation of NF‑ĸB import into the nucleus and NF‑ĸB signaling were significantly repressed. Consistently, the Akt kinase family was one of most common somatic mutation hotspots in patients with melanoma according to The Cancer Genome Atlas enrichment analysis. Furthermore, 7‑DHC decreased the phosphorylation of Akt1‑Ser473 rather than that of MEK1, and the decreased phosphorylation of Akt1 subsequently inhibited the translocation of free RELA proto‑oncogene NF‑κB subunit to the nucleus. Finally, by intersecting downregulated genes by 7‑DHC treatment and upregulated genes in patients with melanoma, a 7‑DHC gene signature was identified, which was negatively associated with the prognosis. Overall, the present results demonstrated that 7‑DHC suppressed melanoma cell proliferation and invasion via the Akt1/NF‑ĸB signaling pathway, and 7‑DHC key target genes were negatively associated with the prognosis. These findings highlight the potential application of 7‑DHC for the treatment of melanoma in the future.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

View References

1 

Schadendorf D, van Akkooi ACJ, Berking C, Griewank KG, Gutzmer R, Hauschild A, Stang A, Roesch A and Ugurel S: Melanoma. Lancet. 392:971–984. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Dikshit R, Eser S, Mathers C, Rebelo M, Parkin DM, Forman D and Bray F: Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: Sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012. Int J Cancer. 136:E359–E386. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Leong SP, Mihm MC Jr, Murphy GF, Hoon DS, Kashani-Sabet M, Agarwala SS, Zager JS, Hauschild A, Sondak VK, Guild V and Kirkwood JM: Progression of cutaneous melanoma: Implications for treatment. Clin Exp Metastas. 29:775–796. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar

4 

Crocetti E, Mallone S, Robsahm TE, Gavin A, Agius D, Ardanaz E, Lopez MC, Innos K, Minicozzi P, Borgognoni L, et al: Survival of patients with skin melanoma in Europe increases further: Results of the EUROCARE-5 study. Eur J Cancer. 51:2179–2190. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Whiteman DC, Pavan WJ and Bastian BC: The melanomas: A synthesis of epidemiological, clinical, histopathological, genetic, and biological aspects, supporting distinct subtypes, causal pathways, and cells of origin. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. 24:879–897. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Pennello G, Devesa S and Gail M: Association of surface ultraviolet B radiation levels with melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer in United States blacks. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 9:291–297. 2000.PubMed/NCBI

7 

Rodriguez-Cerdeira C, Gregorio MC, López-Barcenas A, Sánchez-Blanco E, Sánchez-Blanco B, Fabbrocini G, Bardhi B, Sinani A and Guzman RA: Advances in immunotherapy for melanoma: A comprehensive review. Mediators Inflamm. 2017:32642172017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Shain AH, Yeh I, Kovalyshyn I, Sriharan A, Talevich E, Gagnon A, Dummer R, North J, Pincus L, Ruben B, et al: The genetic evolution of melanoma from precursor lesions. N Engl J Med. 373:1926–1936. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Guo D, Lui GYL, Lai SL, Wilmott JS, Tikoo S, Jackett LA, Quek C, Brown DL, Sharp DM, Kwan RYQ, et al: RAB27A promotes melanoma cell invasion and metastasis via regulation of pro-invasive exosomes. Int J Cancer. 144:3070–3085. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Michielin O, van Akkooi ACJ, Ascierto PA, Dummer R and Keilholz U; ESMO Guidelines Committee. Electronic address, : clinicalguidelines@esmo.org: Cutaneous melanoma: ESMO clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up†. Ann Oncol. 30:1884–1901. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Duggan MA, Anderson WF, Altekruse S, Penberthy L and Sherman ME: The surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) program and pathology: Toward strengthening the critical relationship. Am J Surg Pathol. 40:e94–e102. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Flaherty KT: Narrative review: BRAF opens the door for therapeutic advances in melanoma. Ann Intern Med. 153:587–591. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Menzies AM and Long GV: Systemic treatment for BRAF-mutant melanoma: Where do we go next? Lancet Oncol. 15:E371–E381. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Korman JB and Fisher DE: Developing melanoma therapeutics: Overview and update. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Syst Biol Med. 5:257–271. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Prabhu AV, Luu W, Sharpe LJ and Brown AJ: Cholesterol-mediated degradation of 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase switches the balance from cholesterol to vitamin D synthesis. J Biol Chem. 291:8363–8373. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Piotrowska A, Wierzbicka J and Żmijewski MA: Vitamin D in the skin physiology and pathology. Acta Biochim Pol. 63:17–29. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Xiao J, Li W, Zheng X, Qi L, Wang H, Zhang C, Wan X, Zheng Y, Zhong R, Zhou X, et al: Targeting 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase integrates cholesterol metabolism and IRF3 activation to eliminate infection. Immunity. 52:109–122.e6. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Wang Y, Tian N, Li C, Hou Y, Wang X and Zhou Q: Incorporation of 7-dehydrocholesterol into liposomes as a simple, universal and efficient way to enhance anticancer activity by combining PDT and photoactivated chemotherapy. Chem Commun (Camb). 55:14081–14084. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Tian NN, Li C, Tian N, Zhou QX, Hou YJ, Zhang BW and Wang XS: Syntheses of 7-dehydrocholesterol peroxides and their improved anticancer activity and selectivity over ergosterol peroxide†. New J Chem. 41:14843–14846. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar

20 

Gelzo M, Granato G, Albano F, Arcucci A, Dello Russo A, De Vendittis E, Ruocco MR and Corso G: Evaluation of cytotoxic effects of 7-dehydrocholesterol on melanoma cells. Free Radical Bio Med. 70:129–140. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar

21 

Livak KJ and Schmittgen TD: Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method. Methods. 25:402–408. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Yu G, Wang LG, Han Y and He QY: clusterProfiler: An R package for comparing biological themes among gene clusters. OMICS. 16:284–287. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Chistiakov DA and Chekhonin VP: Circulating tumor cells and their advances to promote cancer metastasis and relapse, with focus on glioblastoma multiforme. Exp Mol Pathol. 105:166–174. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Kaltschmidt B, Greiner JFW, Kadhim HM and Kaltschmidt C: Subunit-specific role of NF-κB in cancer. Biomedicines. 6:442018. View Article : Google Scholar

25 

Hinz N and Jücker M: Distinct functions of AKT isoforms in breast cancer: A comprehensive review. Cell Commun Signal. 17:1542019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Wise HM, Hermida MA and Leslie NR: Prostate cancer, PI3K, PTEN and prognosis. Clin Sci (Lond). 131:197–210. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Tilborghs S, Corthouts J, Verhoeven Y, Arias D, Rolfo C, Trinh XB and van Dam PA: The role of nuclear factor-kappa B signaling in human cervical cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 120:141–150. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Atefi M, Avramis E, Lassen A, Wong DJ, Robert L, Foulad D, Cerniglia M, Titz B, Chodon T, Graeber TG, et al: Effects of MAPK and PI3K pathways on PD-L1 expression in melanoma. Clin Cancer Res. 20:3446–3457. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Silvente-Poirot S and Poirot M: Cancer. Cholesterol and cancer, in the balance. Science. 343:1445–1446. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Moutzouri E, Elisaf M and Liberopoulos EN: Hypocholesterolemia. Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 9:200–212. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Bentz MH and Magnette J: Hypocholesterolemia in the acute phase of inflammation during sepsis. Rev Med Int. 19:168–172. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar

32 

Mokdad AH, Bowman BA, Ford ES, Vinicor F, Marks JS and Koplan JP: The continuing epidemics of obesity and diabetes in the United States. JAMA. 286:1195–1200. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

de Medina P, Paillasse MR, Segala G, Voisin M, Mhamdi L, Dalenc F, Lacroix-Triki M, Filleron T, Pont F, Saati TA, et al: Dendrogenin A arises from cholesterol and histamine metabolism and shows cell differentiation and anti-tumour properties. Nat Commun. 4:18402013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Wu Q, Ishikawa T, Sirianni R, Tang H, McDonald JG, Yuhanna IS, Thompson B, Girard L, Mineo C, Brekken RA, et al: 27-Hydroxycholesterol promotes cell-autonomous, ER-positive breast cancer growth. Cell Rep. 5:637–645. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Liu J, Zhong F, Cao L, Zhu R, Qu J, Yang L, Chen T, Hu Y, Wang Y, Yao M, Yao M, et al: 7‑dehydrocholesterol suppresses melanoma cell proliferation and invasion via Akt1/NF‑κB signaling. Oncol Lett 20: 398, 2020.
APA
Liu, J., Zhong, F., Cao, L., Zhu, R., Qu, J., Yang, L. ... Yuan, Y. (2020). 7‑dehydrocholesterol suppresses melanoma cell proliferation and invasion via Akt1/NF‑κB signaling. Oncology Letters, 20, 398. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.12261
MLA
Liu, J., Zhong, F., Cao, L., Zhu, R., Qu, J., Yang, L., Chen, T., Hu, Y., Wang, Y., Yao, M., Xiao, W., Li, C., Li, B., Yuan, Y."7‑dehydrocholesterol suppresses melanoma cell proliferation and invasion via Akt1/NF‑κB signaling". Oncology Letters 20.6 (2020): 398.
Chicago
Liu, J., Zhong, F., Cao, L., Zhu, R., Qu, J., Yang, L., Chen, T., Hu, Y., Wang, Y., Yao, M., Xiao, W., Li, C., Li, B., Yuan, Y."7‑dehydrocholesterol suppresses melanoma cell proliferation and invasion via Akt1/NF‑κB signaling". Oncology Letters 20, no. 6 (2020): 398. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.12261
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Liu J, Zhong F, Cao L, Zhu R, Qu J, Yang L, Chen T, Hu Y, Wang Y, Yao M, Yao M, et al: 7‑dehydrocholesterol suppresses melanoma cell proliferation and invasion via Akt1/NF‑κB signaling. Oncol Lett 20: 398, 2020.
APA
Liu, J., Zhong, F., Cao, L., Zhu, R., Qu, J., Yang, L. ... Yuan, Y. (2020). 7‑dehydrocholesterol suppresses melanoma cell proliferation and invasion via Akt1/NF‑κB signaling. Oncology Letters, 20, 398. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.12261
MLA
Liu, J., Zhong, F., Cao, L., Zhu, R., Qu, J., Yang, L., Chen, T., Hu, Y., Wang, Y., Yao, M., Xiao, W., Li, C., Li, B., Yuan, Y."7‑dehydrocholesterol suppresses melanoma cell proliferation and invasion via Akt1/NF‑κB signaling". Oncology Letters 20.6 (2020): 398.
Chicago
Liu, J., Zhong, F., Cao, L., Zhu, R., Qu, J., Yang, L., Chen, T., Hu, Y., Wang, Y., Yao, M., Xiao, W., Li, C., Li, B., Yuan, Y."7‑dehydrocholesterol suppresses melanoma cell proliferation and invasion via Akt1/NF‑κB signaling". Oncology Letters 20, no. 6 (2020): 398. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.12261
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team