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Review Open Access

Molecular characteristics of uveal melanoma and intraocular tumors (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Periklis Katopodis
    • Mohammad S. Khalifa
    • Vladimir Anikin
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University, Uxbridge, London UB8 3PH, UK
    Copyright: © Katopodis et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 9
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    Published online on: November 3, 2020
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.12270
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Abstract

Malignant melanomas within the eye present different types of metabolic and metastatic behavior. Uveal melanoma (UM) affects a quarter of a million individuals in the USA; however, the molecular pathogenesis in not well understood. Although UV radiation is a risk factor in cutaneous melanomas, it is not crucial for UM progression. Apart from chromosomal abnormalities, numerous major tumorigenic signaling pathways, including the PI3K/Akt, MAPK/ERK, Ras‑association domain family 1 isoform A and Yes‑associated protein/transcriptional co‑activator with PDZ‑binding motif signaling pathways, are associated with intraocular tumors. The present review describes the current insights regarding these signaling pathways that regulate the cell cycle and apoptosis, and could be used as potential targets for the treatment of UMs.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Katopodis P, Khalifa MS and Anikin V: Molecular characteristics of uveal melanoma and intraocular tumors (Review). Oncol Lett 21: 9, 2021.
APA
Katopodis, P., Khalifa, M.S., & Anikin, V. (2021). Molecular characteristics of uveal melanoma and intraocular tumors (Review). Oncology Letters, 21, 9. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.12270
MLA
Katopodis, P., Khalifa, M. S., Anikin, V."Molecular characteristics of uveal melanoma and intraocular tumors (Review)". Oncology Letters 21.1 (2021): 9.
Chicago
Katopodis, P., Khalifa, M. S., Anikin, V."Molecular characteristics of uveal melanoma and intraocular tumors (Review)". Oncology Letters 21, no. 1 (2021): 9. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.12270
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Katopodis P, Khalifa MS and Anikin V: Molecular characteristics of uveal melanoma and intraocular tumors (Review). Oncol Lett 21: 9, 2021.
APA
Katopodis, P., Khalifa, M.S., & Anikin, V. (2021). Molecular characteristics of uveal melanoma and intraocular tumors (Review). Oncology Letters, 21, 9. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.12270
MLA
Katopodis, P., Khalifa, M. S., Anikin, V."Molecular characteristics of uveal melanoma and intraocular tumors (Review)". Oncology Letters 21.1 (2021): 9.
Chicago
Katopodis, P., Khalifa, M. S., Anikin, V."Molecular characteristics of uveal melanoma and intraocular tumors (Review)". Oncology Letters 21, no. 1 (2021): 9. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.12270
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