Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Oncology Letters
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-1074 Online ISSN: 1792-1082
Journal Cover
October-2021 Volume 22 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
October-2021 Volume 22 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Effects of hypoxia on DNA hydroxymethylase Tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 in a KG‑1 human acute myeloid leukemia cell line and its mechanism

  • Authors:
    • Ping He
    • Jian Lei
    • Li-Xin Zou
    • Gui-Zhen Zhou
    • Lang Peng
    • Qian Deng
    • Xiao-Liu Liu
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Changsha Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410006, P.R. China, Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China, Department of Hematology, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410018, P.R. China
    Copyright: © He et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 692
    |
    Published online on: August 1, 2021
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2021.12953
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Hypoxia is involved in the epigenetic modification of leukemia. As an important DNA hydroxymethylase and a tumor suppressor gene, the expression regulating mechanism of Tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 (TET2) remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to explore whether hypoxia and hypoxia‑inducible factor 1α (HIF‑1α) regulate TET2 gene expression and its demethylation function in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The human AML cell line KG‑1 was used in the present study. The results demonstrated that hypoxia could increase proliferation, enhance metabolism and inhibit apoptosis in KG‑1 cells, as detected by the cell counting kit‑8 assay, lactate dehydrogenase assay and Annexin V‑FITC/propidium iodide staining, respectively. Hypoxia reduced the genome methylation status in KG‑1 cells detected using 5‑methylcytosine and 5‑hydroxymethylcytosine detection kits. In addition, HIF‑1α overexpression increased TET2 expression, 5‑hmC level and cyclin‑dependent kinase inhibitor 2B [p15(INK4B)] gene demethylation compared with the HIF‑1α non‑overexpression group in KG‑1 cells detected by reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR, western blotting, 5‑hydroxymethylcytosine detection kits and methylation‑specific PCR, respectively. The inhibition of HIF‑1α by inhibitor YC‑1 reduced demethylation in KG‑1 cells by decreasing TET2 expression. It was also revealed that HIF‑1α could enhance TET2 transcriptional activity by binding to the hypoxia response element of the TET2 gene promoter region using chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter gene assays. TET2 may be a potential target gene regulated by HIF‑1α. Hypoxia was demonstrated to regulate the expression of TET2 by HIF‑1α, which in turn affected the methylation and expression of downstream target genes and served a role in the occurrence and progression of leukemia. In the present study, the association between hypoxia metabolism and epigenetic regulation in AML was investigated and the findings provided a new idea and experimental basis for the diagnosis and treatment of hematologic malignancies.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Figure 9

Figure 10

View References

1 

Estey EH: Acute myeloid leukemia: 2019 update on risk-stratification and management. Am J Hematol. 93:1267–1291. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Brahimi-Horn MC, Chiche J and Pouysségur J: Hypoxia and cancer. J Mol Med (Berl). 85:1301–1307. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Parmar K, Mauch P, Vergilio JA, Sackstein R and Down JD: Distribution of hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow according to regional hypoxia. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 104:5431–5436. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Kubota Y, Takubo K and Suda T: Bone marrow long label-retaining cells reside in the sinusoidal hypoxic niche. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 366:335–339. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Schepers K, Campbell TB and Passegué E: Normal and leukemic stem cell niches: Insights and therapeutic opportunities. Cell Stem Cell. 16:254–267. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Tabe Y and Konopleva M: Advances in understanding the leukaemia microenvironment. Br J Haematol. 164:767–778. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Webb JD, Coleman ML and Pugh CW: Hypoxia, hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF), HIF hydroxylases and oxygen sensing. Cell Mol Life Sci. 66:3539–3554. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Semenza GL: Targeting HIF-1 for cancer therapy. Nat Rev Cancer. 3:721–732. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Wellmann S, Guschmann M, Griethe W, Eckert C, von Stackelberg A, Lottaz C, Moderegger E, Einsiedel HG, Eckardt KU, Henze G and Seeger K: Activation of HIF pathway in childhood ALL, prognostic implications of VEGF. Leukemia. 18:926–933. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Deeb G, Vaughan MM, McInnis I, Ford LA, Sait SN, Starostik P, Wetzler M, Mashtare T and Wang ES: Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α protein expression is associated with poor survival in normal karyotype adult acute myeloid leukemia. Leuk Res. 35:579–584. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Song LP, Zhang J, Wu SF, Huang Y, Zhao Q, Cao JP, Wu YL, Wang LS and Chen GQ: Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha-induced differentiation of myeloid leukemic cells is its transcriptional activity independent. Oncogene. 27:519–527. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Melki JR, Vincent PC and Clark SJ: Concurrent DNA hypermethylation of multiple genes in acute myeloid leukemia. Cancer Res. 59:3730–3740. 1999.PubMed/NCBI

13 

Liu Q, Liu L, Zhao Y, Zhang J, Wang D, Chen J, He Y, Wu J, Zhang Z and Liu Z: Hypoxia induces genomic DNA demethylation through the activation of HIF-1α and transcriptional upregulation of MAT2A in hepatoma cells. Mol Cancer Ther. 10:1113–1123. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Bristow RG and Hill RP: Hypoxia and metabolism: Hypoxia, DNA repair and genetic instability. Nat Rev Cancer. 8:180–192. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

McCarty G and Loeb DM: Hypoxia-sensitive epigenetic regulation of an antisense-oriented lncRNA controls WT1 expression in myeloid leukemia cells. PLoS One. 10:e01198372015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Tahiliani M, Koh KP, Shen Y, Pastor WA, Bandukwala H, Brudno Y, Agarwal S, Iyer LM, Liu DR, Aravind L and Rao A: Conversion of 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in mammalian DNA by MLL partner TET1. Science. 324:930–935. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Li W and Liu M: Distribution of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in different human tissues. J Nucleic Acids. 2011:8707262011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Nikoloski G, Langemeijer SM, Kuiper RP, Knops R, Massop M, Tönnissen ER, van der Heijden A, Scheele TN, Vandenberghe P, de Witte T, et al: Somatic mutations of the histone methyltransferase gene EZH2 in myelodysplastic syndromes. Nat Genet. 42:665–667. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Delhommeau F, Dupont S, Della Valle V, James C, Trannoy S, Massé A, Kosmider O, Le Couedic JP, Robert F, Alberdi A, et al: Mutation in TET2 in myeloid cancers. N Engl J Med. 360:2289–2301. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Xu YP, Lv L, Liu Y, Smith MD, Li WC, Tan XM, Cheng M, Li Z, Bovino M, Aubé J and Xiong Y: Tumor suppressor TET2 promotes cancer immunity and immunotherapy efficacy. J Clin Invest. 129:4316–4331. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Schumann U, Lee J, Kazan K, Ayliffe M and Wang MB: DNA-Demethylase regulated genes show methylation-independent spatiotemporal expression patterns. Front Plant Sci. 8:14492017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Nobori T, Miura K, Wu DJ, Lois A, Takabayashi K and Carson DA: Deletions of the cyclin-dependent kinase-4 inhibitor gene in multiple human cancers. Nature. 368:753–756. 1994. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Hannon GJ and Beach D: p15INK4B is a potential effector of TGF-beta-induced cell cycle arrest. Nature. 371:257–261. 1994. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Herman JG, Jen J, Merlo A and Baylin SB: Hypermethylation-associated inactivation indicates a tumor suppressor role for p15INK4B. Cancer Res. 56:722–727. 1996.PubMed/NCBI

25 

Tien HF, Tang JH, Tsay W, Liu MC, Lee FY, Wang CH, Chen YC and Shen MC: Methylation of the p15(INK4B) gene in myelodysplastic syndrome: It can be detected early at diagnosis or during disease progression and is highly associated with leukaemic transformation. Br J Haematol. 112:148–154. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Wang J, He N, Wang R, Tian T, Han F, Zhong C, Zhang C, Hua M, Ji C and Ma D: Analysis of TET2 and EZH2 gene functions in chromosome instability in acute myeloid leukemia. Sci Rep. 10:27062020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Livak KJ and Schmittgen TD: Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method. Methods. 25:402–408. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Yeo EJ, Chun YS and Park JW: New anticancer strategies targeting HIF-1. Biochem Pharmacol. 68:1061–1069. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Herman JG, Graff JR, Myohanen S, Nelkin BD and Baylin SB: Methylation-specific PCR: A novel PCR assay for methylation status of CpG islands. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 93:9821–9826. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Lan F, Bayliss PE, Rinn JL, Whetstine JR, Wang JK, Chen S, Iwase S, Alpatov R, Issaeva I, Canaani E, et al: A histone H3 lysine 27 demethylase regulates animal posterior development. Nature. 449:689–694. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Deynoux M, Sunter N, Hérault O and Mazurier F: Hypoxia and hypoxia-inducible factors in leukemias. Front Oncol. 6:412016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Cui XY, Skretting G, Jing Y, Sun H, Sandset PM and Sun L: Hypoxia influences stem cell-like properties in multidrug resistant K562 leukemic cells. Blood Cells Mol Dis. 51:177–184. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Piret JP, Mottet D, Raes M and Michiels C: CoCl2, a chemical inducer of hypoxia-inducible factor-1, and hypoxia reduce apoptotic cell death in hepatoma cell line HepG2. Ann NY Acad Sci. 973:443–447. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Lee JW, Bae SH, Jeong JW, Kim SH and Kim KW: Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1) alpha: Its protein stability and biological functions. Exp Mol Med. 36:1–12. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Fu T, Zhang C, Jing Y, Jiang C, Li Z, Wang S, Ma K, Zhang D, Hou S, Dai J, et al: Regulation of cell growth and apoptosis through lactate dehydrogenase C over-expression in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 100:5007–5016. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Pasca S, Jurj A, Zdrenghea M and Tomuleasa C: The potential equivalents of TET2 mutations. Cancers (Basel). 13:14992021. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Song SJ, Ito K, Ala U, Kats L, Webster K, Sun SM, Jongen-Lavrencic M, Manova-Todorova K, Teruya-Feldstein J, Avigan DE, et al: The oncogenic microRNA miR-22 targets the TET2 tumor suppressor to promote hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal and transformation. Cell Stem Cell. 13:87–101. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Cheng J, Guo S, Chen S, Mastriano SJ, Liu C, D'Alessio AC, Hysolli E, Guo Y, Yao H, Megyola CM, et al: An extensive network of TET2-targeting MicroRNAs regulates malignant hematopoiesis. Cell Rep. 5:471–481. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Koh KP, Yabuuchi A, Rao S, Huang Y, Cunniff K, Nardone J, Laiho A, Tahiliani M, Sommer CA, Mostoslavsky G, et al: Tet1 and Tet2 regulate 5-hydroxymethylcytosine production and cell lineage specification in mouse embryonic stem cells. Cell Stem Cell. 8:200–213. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Ko M, An J, Bandukwala HS, Chavez L, Aijö T, Pastor WA, Segal MF, Li H, Koh KP, Lähdesmäki H, et al: Modulation of TET2 expression and 5-methylcytosine oxidation by the CXXC domain protein IDAX. Nature. 497:122–126. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Cimmino L, Dolgalev I, Wang Y, Yoshimi A, Martin GH, Wang J, Ng V, Xia B, Witkowski MT, Mitchell-Flack M, et al: Restoration of TET2 function blocks aberrant self-renewal and leukemia progression. Cell. 170:1079–1095.e20. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

Harjes U: Leukaemia: Beyond the C. Nat Rev Cancer. 17:5732017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Thienpont B, Steinbacher J, Zhao H, D'Anna F, Kuchnio A, Ploumakis A, Ghesquière B, Van Dyck L, Boeckx B, Schoonjans L, et al: Tumor hypoxia causes DNA hypermethylation by reducing TET activity. Nature. 537:63–68. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

44 

Choudhry H and Harris AL: Advances in hypoxia-inducible factor biology. Cell Metab. 27:281–298. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

45 

Lin YT and Wu KJ: Epigenetic regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition: Focusing on hypoxia and TGF-β signaling. J Biomed Sci. 27:392020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

46 

Mikirova NA: Bioenergetics of human cancer cells and normalcells during proliferation and differentiation. Br J Med Med Res. 7:971–982. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

47 

Iaccarino I and Martins LM: Therapeutic targets in cancer cell metabolism and death. Cell Death Differ. 18:565–570. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

48 

Tang S, Fang Y, Huang G, Xu X, Padilla-Banks E, Fan W, Xu Q, Sanderson SM, Foley JF, Dowdy S, et al: Methionine metabolism is essential for SIRT1-regulated mouse embryonic stem cell maintenance and embryonic development. EMBO J. 36:3175–3193. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

49 

Brand A, Singer K, Koehl GE, Kolitzus M, Schoenhammer G, Thiel A, Matos C, Bruss C, Klobuch S, Peter K, et al: LDHA-associated lactic acid production blunts tumor immunosurveillance by T and NK cells. Cell Metab. 24:657–671. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

50 

Galligan JJ, Wepy JA, Streeter MD, Kingsley PJ, Mitchener MM, Wauchope OR, Beavers WN, Rose KL, Wang T, Spiegel DA and Marnett LJ: Methylglyoxal-derived posttranslational arginine modifications are abundant histone marks. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 115:9228–9233. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

51 

Christiansen DH, Andersen MK and Pedersen-Bjergaard J: Methylation of p15INK4B is common, is associated with deletion of genes on chromosome arm 7q and predicts a poor prognosis in therapy-related myelodysplasia and acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia. 17:1813–1819. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

52 

Yokoi K, Yamashita K and Watanabe M: Analysis of DNA methylation status in bodily fluids for early detection of cancer. Int J Mol Sci. 18:7352017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

53 

Ramalho-Carvalho J, Henrique R and Jerónimo C: Methylation-Specific PCR. Methods Mol Biol. 1708:447–472. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

54 

Fujii T, Otsuki T, Moriya T, Sakaguchi H, Kurebayashi J, Yata K, Uno M, Kobayashi T, Kimura T, Jo Y, et al: Effect of hypoxia on human seminoma cells. Int J Oncol. 20:955–962. 2002.PubMed/NCBI

55 

Kroeze LI, Aslanyan MG, van Rooij A, Koorenhof-Scheele TN, Massop M, Carell T, Boezeman JB, Marie JP, Halkes CJ, de Witte T, et al: Characterization of acute myeloidleukemia based on levels of global hydroxymethylation. Blood. 124:1110–1118. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

56 

Shimamoto T, Ohyashiki JH and Ohyashiki K: Methylation of p15(INK4b) and E-cadherin genes is independently correlated with poor prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia. Leuk Res. 29:653–659. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

57 

Zhao L, Duan YT, Lu P, Zhang ZJ, Zheng XK, Wang JL and Feng WS: Epigenetic targets and their inhibitors in cancer therapy. Curr Top Med Chem. 18:2395–2419. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
He P, Lei J, Zou L, Zhou G, Peng L, Deng Q and Liu X: Effects of hypoxia on DNA hydroxymethylase Tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 in a KG‑1 human acute myeloid leukemia cell line and its mechanism. Oncol Lett 22: 692, 2021.
APA
He, P., Lei, J., Zou, L., Zhou, G., Peng, L., Deng, Q., & Liu, X. (2021). Effects of hypoxia on DNA hydroxymethylase Tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 in a KG‑1 human acute myeloid leukemia cell line and its mechanism. Oncology Letters, 22, 692. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2021.12953
MLA
He, P., Lei, J., Zou, L., Zhou, G., Peng, L., Deng, Q., Liu, X."Effects of hypoxia on DNA hydroxymethylase Tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 in a KG‑1 human acute myeloid leukemia cell line and its mechanism". Oncology Letters 22.4 (2021): 692.
Chicago
He, P., Lei, J., Zou, L., Zhou, G., Peng, L., Deng, Q., Liu, X."Effects of hypoxia on DNA hydroxymethylase Tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 in a KG‑1 human acute myeloid leukemia cell line and its mechanism". Oncology Letters 22, no. 4 (2021): 692. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2021.12953
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
He P, Lei J, Zou L, Zhou G, Peng L, Deng Q and Liu X: Effects of hypoxia on DNA hydroxymethylase Tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 in a KG‑1 human acute myeloid leukemia cell line and its mechanism. Oncol Lett 22: 692, 2021.
APA
He, P., Lei, J., Zou, L., Zhou, G., Peng, L., Deng, Q., & Liu, X. (2021). Effects of hypoxia on DNA hydroxymethylase Tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 in a KG‑1 human acute myeloid leukemia cell line and its mechanism. Oncology Letters, 22, 692. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2021.12953
MLA
He, P., Lei, J., Zou, L., Zhou, G., Peng, L., Deng, Q., Liu, X."Effects of hypoxia on DNA hydroxymethylase Tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 in a KG‑1 human acute myeloid leukemia cell line and its mechanism". Oncology Letters 22.4 (2021): 692.
Chicago
He, P., Lei, J., Zou, L., Zhou, G., Peng, L., Deng, Q., Liu, X."Effects of hypoxia on DNA hydroxymethylase Tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 in a KG‑1 human acute myeloid leukemia cell line and its mechanism". Oncology Letters 22, no. 4 (2021): 692. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2021.12953
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team