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Article

Usefulness of the preoperative Prognostic Immune and Nutritional Index as a prognostic predictor for patients with gastric cancer

  • Authors:
    • Jinquan Li
    • Li Yu
    • Xiaosheng Hu
    • Tao Huang
    • Mingmin Chen
    • Shanzhong Zhang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Jingdezhen, Jingdezhen, Jiangxi 33300, P.R. China
  • Article Number: 435
    |
    Published online on: July 8, 2025
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2025.15181
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Abstract

The Prognostic Immune and Nutritional Index (PINI), integrating albumin and monocyte counts, has emerged as a potential prognostic biomarker in gastrointestinal cancer. The present study aimed to evaluate its predictive value in patients with gastric cancer (GC) undergoing radical gastrectomy. A retrospective cohort study of 82 patients with GC treated at a single institute between January 2016 and December 2019 was conducted. PINI was calculated as [albumin (g/dl) x 0.9]‑[monocytes (mm³) x 0.0007]. Receiver operating characteristic analysis determined the optimal cutoff (3.075), and patients were stratified into low‑PINI (≤3.075; n=33) and high‑PINI (>3.075; n=49) groups. Primary outcomes were 5‑year recurrence‑free survival (RFS) rate and overall survival (OS) rate. The high‑PINI group demonstrated significantly higher 5‑year RFS (79.6 vs. 51.5%; P<0.001) and OS (85.7 vs. 51.5%; P<0.001) rates compared with the low‑PINI group. Multivariate analysis identified PINI ≥3.075 as an independent protective factor for both RFS [hazard ratio (HR), 0.59; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.38‑0.85; P=0.022] and OS (HR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.25‑0.72; P=0.012). Low‑PINI patients exhibited more advanced disease characteristics, including higher rates of anemia (39.4 vs. 17.3%; P=0.020), hypoproteinemia (15.2 vs. 0.0%; P=0.005), advanced T stage (75.8 vs. 36.5%; P=0.002), nodal metastasis (63.6 vs. 44.9%; P=0.002) and stage II‑III tumors (87.9 vs. 44.9%; P<0.001). In conclusion, preoperative PINI serves as a robust, independent prognostic indicator in GC, effectively stratifying patients by survival outcomes and tumor aggressiveness. The clinical implementation of PINI could enhance risk assessment and guide personalized treatment strategies. Further multicenter studies are warranted to validate these findings.
View Figures

Figure 1

Receiver operating characteristic
curve for the PINI. AUC, area under the curve; PINI, Prognostic
Immune and Nutritional Index.

Figure 2

RFS in patients with gastric cancer in
the PINI-high and PINI-low groups. RFS, recurrence-free survival;
PINI, Prognostic Immune and Nutritional Index.

Figure 3

OS of patients with GC in the
PINI-high and PINI-low groups. OS, overall survival; PINI,
Prognostic Immune and Nutritional Index.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Li J, Yu L, Hu X, Huang T, Chen M and Zhang S: Usefulness of the preoperative Prognostic Immune and Nutritional Index as a prognostic predictor for patients with gastric cancer. Oncol Lett 30: 435, 2025.
APA
Li, J., Yu, L., Hu, X., Huang, T., Chen, M., & Zhang, S. (2025). Usefulness of the preoperative Prognostic Immune and Nutritional Index as a prognostic predictor for patients with gastric cancer. Oncology Letters, 30, 435. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2025.15181
MLA
Li, J., Yu, L., Hu, X., Huang, T., Chen, M., Zhang, S."Usefulness of the preoperative Prognostic Immune and Nutritional Index as a prognostic predictor for patients with gastric cancer". Oncology Letters 30.3 (2025): 435.
Chicago
Li, J., Yu, L., Hu, X., Huang, T., Chen, M., Zhang, S."Usefulness of the preoperative Prognostic Immune and Nutritional Index as a prognostic predictor for patients with gastric cancer". Oncology Letters 30, no. 3 (2025): 435. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2025.15181
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Li J, Yu L, Hu X, Huang T, Chen M and Zhang S: Usefulness of the preoperative Prognostic Immune and Nutritional Index as a prognostic predictor for patients with gastric cancer. Oncol Lett 30: 435, 2025.
APA
Li, J., Yu, L., Hu, X., Huang, T., Chen, M., & Zhang, S. (2025). Usefulness of the preoperative Prognostic Immune and Nutritional Index as a prognostic predictor for patients with gastric cancer. Oncology Letters, 30, 435. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2025.15181
MLA
Li, J., Yu, L., Hu, X., Huang, T., Chen, M., Zhang, S."Usefulness of the preoperative Prognostic Immune and Nutritional Index as a prognostic predictor for patients with gastric cancer". Oncology Letters 30.3 (2025): 435.
Chicago
Li, J., Yu, L., Hu, X., Huang, T., Chen, M., Zhang, S."Usefulness of the preoperative Prognostic Immune and Nutritional Index as a prognostic predictor for patients with gastric cancer". Oncology Letters 30, no. 3 (2025): 435. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2025.15181
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