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Comprehensive pan‑cancer analysis reveals ubiquitin‑conjugating enzyme 2T as a potential biomarker for prognosis and cancer immunity

  • Authors:
    • Zhou Zhou
    • Yu-Hang Chen
    • An-Ni Xie
    • Ping Li
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Oncology Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230000, P.R. China, Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University, Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Zhou et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 491
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    Published online on: August 20, 2025
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2025.15237
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Abstract

Ubiquitin‑conjugating enzyme 2T (UBE2T) constitutes a critical component of the ubiquitin‑proteasome system and is involved in tumorigenesis. The UBE2T gene has been extensively characterized. In the present study, comprehensive analyses using various databases and R‑based tools revealed elevated UBE2T expression across multiple tumor types, where its upregulation was shown to be associated with poor clinical outcomes and prognosis. Gene variation analysis identified ‘amplification’ as the predominant alteration in the UBE2T gene, followed by mutations; data from the GSCALite database further demonstrated a high frequency of UBE2T copy number variations and relatively infrequent single nucleotide variants across pan‑cancer cohorts. In addition, UBE2T expression showed a positive correlation with trametinib and selumetinib sensitivity, and a negative correlation with CD‑437 and mitomycin. Moreover, UBE2T expression was shown to be significantly associated with tumor immune markers, checkpoint genes and immune cell infiltration. Functionally, elevated UBE2T expression was linked to changes in key cellular processes, including proliferation, invasion and epithelial‑mesenchymal transition. Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis implicated pathways such as ‘cell cycle’, ‘ubiquitin‑mediated proteolysis’, ‘p53 signaling’ and ‘mismatch repair’ as key mechanisms through which UBE2T may exert oncogenic effects. Overall, UBE2T has emerged as a potentially valuable prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in oncology.
View Figures

Figure 1

UBE2T expression profiles in
pan-cancer. (A) Difference in UBE2T expression between
pan-cancer and normal tissues in TCGA; (B) difference in
UBE2T expression between pan-cancer and normal tissues in
TCGA + GTEx. Difference in UBE2T (C) mRNA and (D and E)
protein expression between pancreatic cancer cells including PANC1,
ASPC, BXPC3, MIA2, SW1990, CAPAN1 and normal pancreatic cells
(HPDE). (F) Difference in the protein level of UBE2T in LIHC, LUSC,
HNSC and OV compared with matched paracancerous tissues.
*P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001; ****P<0.0001. UBE2T,
ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 2T; TCGA, The Cancer Genome Atlas;
TPM, transcripts per million.

Figure 2

Association of UBE2T
expression with clinical phenotype in pan-cancer. (A) Pathological
stages, (B) age and (C) sex. *P<0.05; **P<0.01;
***P<0.001. UBE2T, ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 2T; TPM,
transcripts per million.

Figure 3

ROC curves. ROC curves for the
diagnostic value of UBE2T in (A) BRCA, BLCA, CHOL, COADREAD
and CESC, (B) HNSC, LIHC, KIRP, STAD and PAAD and (C) SARC, GBM,
ESCA, UCEC and LUADLUSC. (D) ROC curves for the prognostic value of
UBE2T in ACC, KICH, GBMLGG and MESO. ROC, receiver operating
characteristics; UBE2T, ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 2T; AUC, area
under the curve; CI, confidence interval; TPR, true positive rate;
FPR, false positive rate.

Figure 4

Survival Analysis of UBE2T in
Pan-Cancer. Kaplan-Meier survival curves for (A) OS and (B) DFS
based on UBE2T expression. Cox regression models evaluating
the impact of UBE2T expression on (C) OS, (D) DFS and (E)
PFI across cancer types. UBE2T, ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 2T;
OS, overall survival; DFS, disease-free survival; PFI,
progression-free interval; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence
interval.

Figure 5

UBE2T gene characterization
and variation. (A) Chromosomal localization of UBE2T. (B)
Predicted subcellular distribution of UBE2T protein. (C) Tertiary
structural representation of UBE2T. (D) Protein-protein interaction
network involving UBE2T. (E) Landscape of UBE2T genetic
alterations in pan-cancer. (F) Annotated sites of epigenetic
modification. (G) Prognostic influence of UBE2T mutational
status on OS, DFS, DSS, and PFS. UBE2T, ubiquitin-conjugating
enzyme 2T; OS, overall survival; DFS, disease-free survival; DSS,
disease-specific survival; PFS, progression-free survival.

Figure 6

CNV, SNV and drug sensitivity of
UBE2T. (A) Distribution of UBE2T CNV ratios across
tumor types. (B) Heatmap depicting SNV ratios of UBE2T in
pan-cancer. (C) Correlation between UBE2T expression and
drug sensitivity from the GDSC dataset. (D) Correlation with drug
response profiles from the CTRP dataset. CNV, copy number
variation; SNV, single nucleotide variant; UBE2T,
ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 2T; GDSC, Genomics of Drug Sensitivity
in Cancer; CTRP, Cancer Therapeutics Response Portal; FDR, false
discovery rate.

Figure 7

Correlation between UBE2T and
immune checkpoint genes, as well as its association with
immunomarkers. (A) Correlation with MMR genes (including EPCAM,
MSH6, PMS2, MSH2 and MLH1). (B) Correlation with immune checkpoint
genes (including TNFSF9, CD27, IDO1, CD274, TNFRSF9, CD28, TIGIT,
CD40, CD70, PDCD1, CD86, LAG3, ICOS, HHLA2, ICOSLG, CTLA4, IDO2,
CD80, CD276 and BTLA). (C) Association with MSI, (D) TMB and (E)
NEO in pan-cancer. *P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001. UBE2T,
ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 2T; MMR, mismatch repair; MSI,
microsatellite instability; TMB, tumor mutational burden; NEO,
neoantigens.

Figure 8

Analysis of UBE2T expression
in relation to immune infiltration. (A) Correlation between
UBE2T expression and StromalScore. (B) Correlation between
UBE2T expression and ImmuneScore. (C) Associations between
UBE2T expression and immune-infiltrating cell populations
based on the TIMER algorithm. (D) EPIC-derived assessment of
UBE2T-related immune cell infiltration across cancer types.
(E) Correlation patterns identified via the CIBERSORT algorithm.
*P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001; ****P<0.0001. UBE2T,
ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 2T.

Figure 9

GO and KEGG analysis of 23
UBE2T-related and interaction genes including. (A)
Biological Process analysis. (B) Cellular Component analysis. (C)
Molecular Function analysis. (D) Pathway analysis. (E and F) GSEA
enrichment analysis of BRCA. (G) KEGG analysis of PAAD obtained
through LinkedOmics. (H) Cellular functional status of UBE2T
using the CancerSea database. UBE2T, ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme
2T; GO, Gene Ontology; KEGG, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and
Genomes; GSEA, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Zhou Z, Chen Y, Xie A and Li P: Comprehensive pan‑cancer analysis reveals ubiquitin‑conjugating enzyme 2T as a potential biomarker for prognosis and cancer immunity. Oncol Lett 30: 491, 2025.
APA
Zhou, Z., Chen, Y., Xie, A., & Li, P. (2025). Comprehensive pan‑cancer analysis reveals ubiquitin‑conjugating enzyme 2T as a potential biomarker for prognosis and cancer immunity. Oncology Letters, 30, 491. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2025.15237
MLA
Zhou, Z., Chen, Y., Xie, A., Li, P."Comprehensive pan‑cancer analysis reveals ubiquitin‑conjugating enzyme 2T as a potential biomarker for prognosis and cancer immunity". Oncology Letters 30.5 (2025): 491.
Chicago
Zhou, Z., Chen, Y., Xie, A., Li, P."Comprehensive pan‑cancer analysis reveals ubiquitin‑conjugating enzyme 2T as a potential biomarker for prognosis and cancer immunity". Oncology Letters 30, no. 5 (2025): 491. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2025.15237
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Zhou Z, Chen Y, Xie A and Li P: Comprehensive pan‑cancer analysis reveals ubiquitin‑conjugating enzyme 2T as a potential biomarker for prognosis and cancer immunity. Oncol Lett 30: 491, 2025.
APA
Zhou, Z., Chen, Y., Xie, A., & Li, P. (2025). Comprehensive pan‑cancer analysis reveals ubiquitin‑conjugating enzyme 2T as a potential biomarker for prognosis and cancer immunity. Oncology Letters, 30, 491. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2025.15237
MLA
Zhou, Z., Chen, Y., Xie, A., Li, P."Comprehensive pan‑cancer analysis reveals ubiquitin‑conjugating enzyme 2T as a potential biomarker for prognosis and cancer immunity". Oncology Letters 30.5 (2025): 491.
Chicago
Zhou, Z., Chen, Y., Xie, A., Li, P."Comprehensive pan‑cancer analysis reveals ubiquitin‑conjugating enzyme 2T as a potential biomarker for prognosis and cancer immunity". Oncology Letters 30, no. 5 (2025): 491. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2025.15237
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