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Impact of SAMHD1 and phosphorylated ATM levels on the progression and prognosis of patients with soft tissue sarcoma

  • Authors:
    • Yun Jae Kim
    • Young Jae Moon
    • Ae Ri Ahn
    • Ho Sung Park
    • Myoung Ja Chung
    • Woo Sung Moon
    • Kyu Yun Jang
    • Kyoung Min Kim
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Pathology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Jeollabuk 54907, Republic of Korea, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk 54907, Republic of Korea
    Copyright: © Kim et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 552
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    Published online on: September 24, 2025
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2025.15298
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Abstract

Soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) are rare and heterogeneous malignancies that are often associated with a poor prognosis, particularly in advanced stages. DNA damage repair (DDR) pathways serve a crucial role in cancer progression and response to treatment. Among the key regulators of DDR are SAM domain and HD domain‑containing protein 1 (SAMHD1) and phosphorylated ataxia‑telangiectasia mutated (p‑ATM), both of which contribute to maintaining genomic stability. However, to the best of our knowledge, their clinical significance in STS has not been fully elucidated. In the present study, immunohistochemistry was used to assess the levels of SAMHD1 and p‑ATM in tumor tissues. The prognostic impact of SAMHD1 and p‑ATM levels was evaluated through survival analysis. The results showed that high levels of SAMHD1 and p‑ATM were significantly associated with worse overall survival and progression‑free survival. Multivariate Cox analysis demonstrated that both SAMHD1 and p‑ATM levels were independent predictors of poor prognosis. Notably, patients exhibiting co‑expression of SAMHD1 and p‑ATM experienced the poorest clinical outcomes, suggesting a synergistic effect in promoting sarcoma progression. These findings indicated that SAMHD1 and p‑ATM may serve as valuable prognostic biomarkers in STS. Their involvement in DDR mechanisms also highlights their potential as novel therapeutic targets, especially for patients with aggressive or high‑risk disease profiles.
View Figures

Figure 1

(A) Immunohistochemistry of SAMHD1
and p-ATM in various STSs (original magnification, ×400). (B)
Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis to determine
cut-off points for the levels of nuclear SAMHD1 (blue line) and
nuclear p-ATM (red line). The cut-off points indicate the point of
the highest AUC to predict the death of patients with STS. AUC,
area under the curve; ES, Ewing sarcoma; HPF, high-power field;
LMS, leiomyosarcoma; MPNST, malignant peripheral nerve sheath
tumor; p-ATM, phosphorylated ataxia-telangiectasia mutated; RMS,
rhabdomyosarcoma; SAMHD1, SAM domain and HD domain-containing
protein 1; SS, synovial sarcoma; STS, soft tissue sarcoma; US,
undifferentiated sarcoma.

Figure 2

Scattergram comparing
immunohistochemical scores of SAMHD1 and p-ATM levels in soft
tissue sarcoma. Immunohistochemical scores of SAMHD1 and p-ATM
exhibited a significant positive correlation. p-ATM, phosphorylated
ataxia-telangiectasia mutated; SAMHD1, SAM domain and HD
domain-containing protein 1.

Figure 3

Survival analysis based on the levels
of SAMHD1 and p-ATM in patients with soft tissue sarcoma.
Kaplan-Meier survival curves for overall survival and
progression-free survival of patients with sarcoma according to the
individual and co-expression of SAMHD1 and p-ATM. p-ATM,
phosphorylated ataxia-telangiectasia mutated; SAMHD1, SAM domain
and HD domain-containing protein 1.
View References

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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Kim YJ, Moon YJ, Ahn AR, Park HS, Chung MJ, Moon WS, Jang KY and Kim KM: Impact of SAMHD1 and phosphorylated ATM levels on the progression and prognosis of patients with soft tissue sarcoma. Oncol Lett 30: 552, 2025.
APA
Kim, Y.J., Moon, Y.J., Ahn, A.R., Park, H.S., Chung, M.J., Moon, W.S. ... Kim, K.M. (2025). Impact of SAMHD1 and phosphorylated ATM levels on the progression and prognosis of patients with soft tissue sarcoma. Oncology Letters, 30, 552. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2025.15298
MLA
Kim, Y. J., Moon, Y. J., Ahn, A. R., Park, H. S., Chung, M. J., Moon, W. S., Jang, K. Y., Kim, K. M."Impact of SAMHD1 and phosphorylated ATM levels on the progression and prognosis of patients with soft tissue sarcoma". Oncology Letters 30.6 (2025): 552.
Chicago
Kim, Y. J., Moon, Y. J., Ahn, A. R., Park, H. S., Chung, M. J., Moon, W. S., Jang, K. Y., Kim, K. M."Impact of SAMHD1 and phosphorylated ATM levels on the progression and prognosis of patients with soft tissue sarcoma". Oncology Letters 30, no. 6 (2025): 552. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2025.15298
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Kim YJ, Moon YJ, Ahn AR, Park HS, Chung MJ, Moon WS, Jang KY and Kim KM: Impact of SAMHD1 and phosphorylated ATM levels on the progression and prognosis of patients with soft tissue sarcoma. Oncol Lett 30: 552, 2025.
APA
Kim, Y.J., Moon, Y.J., Ahn, A.R., Park, H.S., Chung, M.J., Moon, W.S. ... Kim, K.M. (2025). Impact of SAMHD1 and phosphorylated ATM levels on the progression and prognosis of patients with soft tissue sarcoma. Oncology Letters, 30, 552. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2025.15298
MLA
Kim, Y. J., Moon, Y. J., Ahn, A. R., Park, H. S., Chung, M. J., Moon, W. S., Jang, K. Y., Kim, K. M."Impact of SAMHD1 and phosphorylated ATM levels on the progression and prognosis of patients with soft tissue sarcoma". Oncology Letters 30.6 (2025): 552.
Chicago
Kim, Y. J., Moon, Y. J., Ahn, A. R., Park, H. S., Chung, M. J., Moon, W. S., Jang, K. Y., Kim, K. M."Impact of SAMHD1 and phosphorylated ATM levels on the progression and prognosis of patients with soft tissue sarcoma". Oncology Letters 30, no. 6 (2025): 552. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2025.15298
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