Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Oncology Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1021-335X Online ISSN: 1791-2431
Journal Cover
May 2013 Volume 29 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
May 2013 Volume 29 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

miRNA-181b increases the sensitivity of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells to gemcitabine in vitro and in nude mice by targeting BCL-2

  • Authors:
    • Baobao Cai
    • Yong An
    • Nan Lv
    • Jianmin Chen
    • Min Tu
    • Jie Sun
    • Pengfei Wu
    • Jishu Wei
    • Kuirong Jiang
    • Yi Miao
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Institute of Tumor Biology, Jiangsu Province Academy of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China, Institute of Tumor Biology, Jiangsu Province Academy of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
  • Pages: 1769-1776
    |
    Published online on: February 21, 2013
       https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2013.2297
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal disease and is usually resistant to chemotherapy. MicroRNA‑181b (miR-181b) has been reported to be associated with chemoresistance in various types of cancer. In this study, we investigated the effects of miR-181b on the chemosensitivity of PDAC cells to gemcitabine and the underlying molecular events. miR-181b mimics and inhibitors were synthesized for transient gene transfection in vitro. Lentivirus carrying miR-181b mimics were used to infect PDAC cells for nude mouse xenograft assays by implanting infected PDAC cells into recipient mice. Cell viability was determined by MTT assays, while gene expression was assessed using qRT-PCR, western blot analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). miR-181b targeting BCL-2 expression was assessed by a dual-luciferase activity assay. The data showed that miRNA-181b expression sensitized PDAC cells to gemcitabine treatment. Although gemcitabine-resistant PDAC cell sublines (SW1990/GR and CFPAC-1/GR) expressed higher levels of miRNA-181b, gemcitabine induced higher levels of apoptosis in PDAC cells transfected with miRNA-181b mimics. The nude mouse xenograft assay data showed that miR-181b transfection also sensitized the cells to gemcitabine treatment in vivo. Molecularly, bioinformatics data predicted that miR-181b was able to bind to BCL-2 mRNA 3'UTR. The dual luciferase activity assay revealed that miRNA-181b downregulated BCL-2 expression. The results from western blot analysis showed a reduced BCL-2 expression following miR-181b transfection but an enhanced caspase-3 activity in miRNA-181b mimic-transfected PDAC cells. This study demonstrates that miRNA-181b sensitizes PDAC cells to gemcitabine by targeting BCL-2.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

View References

1 

Siegel R, Ward E, Brawley O and Jemal A: Cancer statistics, 2011: the impact of eliminating socioeconomic and racial disparities on premature cancer deaths. CA Cancer J Clin. 61:212–236. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Li W, Ma Q, Liu J, et al: Hyperglycemia as a mechanism of pancreatic cancer metastasis. Front Biosci. 17:1761–1774. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Hanahan D and Weinberg RA: Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation. Cell. 144:646–674. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Garrido-Laguna I, Uson M, Rajeshkumar NV, et al: Tumor engraftment in nude mice and enrichment in stroma-related gene pathways predict poor survival and resistance to gemcitabine in patients with pancreatic cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 17:5793–5800. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Saiki Y, Yoshino Y, Fujimura H, et al: DCK is frequently inactivated in acquired gemcitabine-resistant human cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 421:98–104. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

de Wolf C, Jansen R, Yamaguchi H, et al: Contribution of the drug transporter ABCG2 (breast cancer resistance protein) to resistance against anticancer nucleosides. Mol Cancer Ther. 7:3092–3102. 2008.PubMed/NCBI

7 

Schniewind B, Christgen M, Kurdow R, et al: Resistance of pancreatic cancer to gemcitabine treatment is dependent on mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. Int J Cancer. 109:182–188. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Kagawa S, Takano S, Yoshitomi H, et al: Akt/mTOR signaling pathway is crucial for gemcitabine resistance induced by Annexin II in pancreatic cancer cells. J Surg Res. 178:758–767. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Lu H, Buchan RJ and Cook SA: MicroRNA-223 regulates Glut4 expression and cardiomyocyte glucose metabolism. Cardiovasc Res. 86:410–420. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Ma F, Liu X, Li D, et al: MicroRNA-466l upregulates IL-10 expression in TLR-triggered macrophages by antagonizing RNA-binding protein tristetraprolin-mediated IL-10 mRNA degradation. J Immunol. 184:6053–6059. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Ambros V: MicroRNA pathways in flies and worms: growth, death, fat, stress, and timing. Cell. 113:673–676. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Hummel R, Hussey DJ and Haier J: MicroRNAs: predictors and modifiers of chemo- and radiotherapy in different tumour types. Eur J Cancer. 46:298–311. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Lima RT, Busacca S, Almeida GM, Gaudino G, Fennell DA and Vasconcelos MH: MicroRNA regulation of core apoptosis pathways in cancer. Eur J Cancer. 47:163–174. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Schoof CR, Botelho EL, Izzotti A and dos Vasques LR: MicroRNAs in cancer treatment and prognosis. Am J Cancer Res. 2:414–433. 2012.PubMed/NCBI

15 

Ratert N, Meyer HA, Jung M, et al: Reference miRNAs for miRNAome analysis of urothelial carcinomas. PLoS One. 7:e393092012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Pallante P, Visone R, Ferracin M, et al: MicroRNA deregulation in human thyroid papillary carcinomas. Endocr Relat Cancer. 13:497–508. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Zanette DL, Rivadavia F, Molfetta GA, et al: miRNA expression profiles in chronic lymphocytic and acute lymphocytic leukemia. Braz J Med Biol Res. 40:1435–1440. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Visone R, Veronese A, Rassenti LZ, et al: miR-181b is a biomarker of disease progression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood. 118:3072–3079. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Xi Y, Formentini A, Chien M, et al: Prognostic values of microRNAs in colorectal cancer. Biomark Insights. 2:113–121. 2006.PubMed/NCBI

20 

Yan LX, Huang XF, Shao Q, et al: MicroRNA miR-21 overexpression in human breast cancer is associated with advanced clinical stage, lymph node metastasis and patient poor prognosis. RNA. 14:2348–2360. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Schaefer A, Jung M, Mollenkopf HJ, et al: Diagnostic and prognostic implications of microRNA profiling in prostate carcinoma. Int J Cancer. 126:1166–1176. 2010.PubMed/NCBI

22 

Xu X, Jia R, Zhou Y, et al: Microarray-based analysis: Identification of hypoxia-regulated microRNAs in retinoblastoma cells. Int J Oncol. 38:1385–1393. 2011.PubMed/NCBI

23 

Panarelli NC, Chen YT, Zhou XK, Kitabayashi N and Yantiss RK: MicroRNA expression aids the preoperative diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Pancreas. 41:685–690. 2012.PubMed/NCBI

24 

Ciafre SA, Galardi S, Mangiola A, et al: Extensive modulation of a set of microRNAs in primary glioblastoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 334:1351–1358. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Chen L, Yang Q, Kong WQ, et al: MicroRNA-181b targets cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 in gastric adenocarcinomas. IUBMB Life. 64:628–635. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Dan Xia Z, Wei Z, Cheng F, et al: miR-181a/b significantly enhances drug sensitivity in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells via targeting multiple anti-apoptosis genes. Carcinogenesis. 33:1294–1301. 2012.PubMed/NCBI

27 

Careccia S, Mainardi S, Pelosi A, et al: A restricted signature of miRNAs distinguishes APL blasts from normal promyelocytes. Oncogene. 28:4034–4040. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Wang B, Hsu SH, Majumder S, et al: TGFbeta-mediated upregulation of hepatic miR-181b promotes hepatocarcinogenesis by targeting TIMP3. Oncogene. 29:1787–1797. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Nakajima G, Hayashi K, Xi Y, et al: Non-coding MicroRNAs hsa-let-7g and hsa-miR-181b are associated with chemoresponse to S-1 in colon cancer. Cancer Genomics Proteomics. 3:317–324. 2006.PubMed/NCBI

30 

Lu Y, Roy S, Nuovo G, et al: Anti-microRNA-222 (anti-miR-222) and -181B suppress growth of tamoxifen-resistant xenografts in mouse by targeting TIMP3 protein and modulating mitogenic signal. J Biol Chem. 286:42292–42302. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Zhu W, Shan X, Wang T, Shu Y and Liu P: miR-181b modulates multidrug resistance by targeting BCL2 in human cancer cell lines. Int J Cancer. 127:2520–2529. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

An Y, Yao J, Wei JS, et al: Establish a gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer cell line SW1990/GZ and research the relationship between SW1990/GZ and pancreatic cancer stem cell. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi. 48:999–1003. 2010.(In Chinese).

33 

Friess H, Langrehr JM, Oettle H, et al: A randomized multi-center phase II trial of the angiogenesis inhibitor Cilengitide (EMD 121974) and gemcitabine compared with gemcitabine alone in advanced unresectable pancreatic cancer. BMC Cancer. 6:2852006. View Article : Google Scholar

34 

Hanahan D and Weinberg RA: The hallmarks of cancer. Cell. 100:57–70. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar

35 

Osman A: MicroRNAs in health and disease - basic science and clinical applications. Clin Lab. 58:393–402. 2012.PubMed/NCBI

36 

Fillat C and Altafaj X: Gene therapy for Down syndrome. Prog Brain Res. 197:237–247. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Ren Y, Gao J, Liu JQ, et al: Differential signature of fecal microRNAs in patients with pancreatic cancer. Mol Med Rep. 6:201–209. 2012.PubMed/NCBI

38 

Liu J, Gao J, Du Y, et al: Combination of plasma microRNAs with serum CA19-9 for early detection of pancreatic cancer. Int J Cancer. 131:683–691. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Hung SW, Mody HR and Govindarajan R: Overcoming nucleoside analog chemoresistance of pancreatic cancer: a therapeutic challenge. Cancer Lett. 320:138–149. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Cory S and Adams JM: The Bcl2 family: regulators of the cellular life-or-death switch. Nat Rev Cancer. 2:647–656. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

De Botton S, Sabri S, Daugas E, et al: Platelet formation is the consequence of caspase activation within megakaryocytes. Blood. 100:1310–1317. 2002.PubMed/NCBI

42 

Zhao Y, Shen S, Guo J, et al: Mitogen-activated protein kinases and chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer cells. J Surg Res. 136:325–335. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Dong J, Zhao YP, Zhou L, Zhang TP and Chen G: Bcl-2 upregulation induced by miR-21 via a direct interaction is associated with apoptosis and chemoresistance in MIA PaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cells. Arch Med Res. 42:8–14. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Cai B, An Y, Lv N, Chen J, Tu M, Sun J, Wu P, Wei J, Jiang K, Miao Y, Miao Y, et al: miRNA-181b increases the sensitivity of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells to gemcitabine in vitro and in nude mice by targeting BCL-2. Oncol Rep 29: 1769-1776, 2013.
APA
Cai, B., An, Y., Lv, N., Chen, J., Tu, M., Sun, J. ... Miao, Y. (2013). miRNA-181b increases the sensitivity of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells to gemcitabine in vitro and in nude mice by targeting BCL-2. Oncology Reports, 29, 1769-1776. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2013.2297
MLA
Cai, B., An, Y., Lv, N., Chen, J., Tu, M., Sun, J., Wu, P., Wei, J., Jiang, K., Miao, Y."miRNA-181b increases the sensitivity of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells to gemcitabine in vitro and in nude mice by targeting BCL-2". Oncology Reports 29.5 (2013): 1769-1776.
Chicago
Cai, B., An, Y., Lv, N., Chen, J., Tu, M., Sun, J., Wu, P., Wei, J., Jiang, K., Miao, Y."miRNA-181b increases the sensitivity of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells to gemcitabine in vitro and in nude mice by targeting BCL-2". Oncology Reports 29, no. 5 (2013): 1769-1776. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2013.2297
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Cai B, An Y, Lv N, Chen J, Tu M, Sun J, Wu P, Wei J, Jiang K, Miao Y, Miao Y, et al: miRNA-181b increases the sensitivity of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells to gemcitabine in vitro and in nude mice by targeting BCL-2. Oncol Rep 29: 1769-1776, 2013.
APA
Cai, B., An, Y., Lv, N., Chen, J., Tu, M., Sun, J. ... Miao, Y. (2013). miRNA-181b increases the sensitivity of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells to gemcitabine in vitro and in nude mice by targeting BCL-2. Oncology Reports, 29, 1769-1776. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2013.2297
MLA
Cai, B., An, Y., Lv, N., Chen, J., Tu, M., Sun, J., Wu, P., Wei, J., Jiang, K., Miao, Y."miRNA-181b increases the sensitivity of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells to gemcitabine in vitro and in nude mice by targeting BCL-2". Oncology Reports 29.5 (2013): 1769-1776.
Chicago
Cai, B., An, Y., Lv, N., Chen, J., Tu, M., Sun, J., Wu, P., Wei, J., Jiang, K., Miao, Y."miRNA-181b increases the sensitivity of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells to gemcitabine in vitro and in nude mice by targeting BCL-2". Oncology Reports 29, no. 5 (2013): 1769-1776. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2013.2297
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team