Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Oncology Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1021-335X Online ISSN: 1791-2431
Journal Cover
August-2014 Volume 32 Issue 2

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
August-2014 Volume 32 Issue 2

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

Characterization of EGFR family gene aberrations in cholangiocarcinoma

  • Authors:
    • Xiaoqing Yang
    • Weishan Wang
    • Chunni Wang
    • Lin Wang
    • Muyi Yang
    • Mei Qi
    • Hong Su
    • Xiubin Sun
    • Zhiyan Liu
    • Juan Zhang
    • Xiaomin Qin
    • Bo Han
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Pathology, Shandong University Medical School, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China, Department of General Surgery, Yishui Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, P.R. China , Department of Statistics, Shandong University School of Public Health, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China, Department of Pathology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
  • Pages: 700-708
    |
    Published online on: June 13, 2014
       https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2014.3261
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly lethal malignancy of the biliary tract with very few treatment options. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2) have been considered as potential therapeutic targets in CCA. In the present study, we attempted to clarify the clinicopathological significance of all EGFR family members, EGFR, HER2, HER3 and HER4, across the full spectrum of CCAs. Immunohistochemistry and FISH were performed to validate expressions and genetic aberrations of these molecules retrospectively in 175 CCA patients. EGFR, HER3 and HER4 were overexpressed in 20 (30.8%), 8 (12.3%) and 41 (63.1%) of the 65 intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas (IHCCs), and in 23 (20.9%), 13 (11.8%) and 62 (56.4%) of the 110 extrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas (EHCCs), respectively. Overexpression of HER2 was exclusively identified in EHCCs, among which the rate was 4.5% (5/110). A significant association was identified between EGFR amplification and EGFR overexpression (P=0.002). Similarly, HER2 amplification was strongly associated with HER2 overexpression (P<0.001). Multivariate analysis suggested that EGFR overexpression is an independent prognostic factor in IHCC, but not in EHCC cases [HR (95% CI): 3.689 (1.253-10.587), P=0.018]. Notably, for the first time, we demonstrated HER4 expression is a prognostic factor in EGFR-negative IHCC patients. In vitro data further suggested a tumor-suppressor role of HER4 in CCA. siRNA knockdown of HER4 significantly increased RBE cell migration and invasion. By contrast, HER4 overexpression decreased proliferation of HuCCT-1 cells and their migratory and invasive capacity. In summary, our results revealed expression of the EGFR family members in CCA development and progression. CCAs differentially express HER2 protein based on tumor location. HER4 expression status allows stratification of CCA patients into different survival categories.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

View References

1 

Malhi H and Gores GJ: Cholangiocarcinoma: modern advances in understanding a deadly old disease. J Hepatol. 45:856–867. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Khan SA, Thomas HC, Davidson BR and Taylor-Robinson SD: Cholangiocarcinoma. Lancet. 366:1303–1314. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Anderson C and Kim R: Adjuvant therapy for resected extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a review of the literature and future directions. Cancer Treat Rev. 35:322–327. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Zhang H, Berezov A, Wang Q, et al: ErbB receptors: from oncogenes to targeted cancer therapies. J Clin Invest. 117:2051–2058. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Zaczek A, Brandt B and Bielawski KP: The diverse signaling network of EGFR, HER2, HER3 and HER4 tyrosine kinase receptors and the consequences for therapeutic approaches. Histol Histopathol. 20:1005–1015. 2005.PubMed/NCBI

6 

Verma S, Miles D, Gianni L, et al: Trastuzumab emtansine for HER2-positive advanced breast cancer. N Engl J Med. 367:1783–1791. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Franklin WA, Veve R, Hirsch FR, Helfrich BA and Bunn PA Jr: Epidermal growth factor receptor family in lung cancer and premalignancy. Semin Oncol. 29:3–14. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Suo Z, Risberg B, Kalsson MG, et al: EGFR family expression in breast carcinomas. c-erbB-2 and c-erbB-4 receptors have different effects on survival. J Pathol. 196:17–25. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Wei Q, Shui Y, Zheng S, et al: EGFR, HER2 and HER3 expression in primary colorectal carcinomas and corresponding metastases: Implications for targeted radionuclide therapy. Oncol Rep. 25:3–11. 2011.PubMed/NCBI

10 

Awaya H, Takeshima Y, Furonaka O, Kohno N and Inai K: Gene amplification and protein expression of EGFR and HER2 by chromogenic in situ hybridisation and immunohistochemistry in atypical adenomatous hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma of the lung. J Clin Pathol. 58:1076–1080. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Harder J, Waiz O, Otto F, et al: EGFR and HER2 expression in advanced biliary tract cancer. World J Gastroenterol. 15:4511–4517. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Jaiswal BS, Kljavin NM, Stawiski EW, et al: Oncogenic ERBB3 mutations in human cancers. Cancer Cell. 23:603–617. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Fujiwara S, Ibusuki M, Yamamoto S, Yamamoto Y and Iwase H: Association of ErbB1–4 expression in invasive breast cancer with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis. Breast Cancer. Oct 26–2012.(Epub ahead of print).

14 

Memon AA, Sorensen BS, Melgard P, Fokdal L, Thykjaer T and Nexo E: Expression of HER3, HER4 and their ligand heregulin-4 is associated with better survival in bladder cancer patients. Br J Cancer. 91:2034–2041. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Yoshikawa D, Ojima H, Iwasaki M, et al: Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of EGFR, VEGF, and HER2 expression in cholangiocarcinoma. Br J Cancer. 98:418–425. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Kim HJ, Yoo TW, Park DI, et al: Gene amplification and protein overexpression of HER-2/neu in human extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma as detected by chromogenic in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry: its prognostic implication in node-positive patients. Ann Oncol. 18:892–897. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar

17 

Shafizadeh N, Grenert JP, Sahai V and Kakar S: Epidermal growth factor receptor and HER-2/neu status by immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization in adenocarcinomas of the biliary tree and gallbladder. Hum Pathol. 41:485–492. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Lubner SJ, Mahoney MR, Kolesar JL, et al: Report of a multicenter phase II trial testing a combination of biweekly bevacizumab and daily erlotinib in patients with unresectable biliary cancer: a phase II Consortium study. J Clin Oncol. 28:3491–3497. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Lee HJ, Chung JY, Hewitt SM, Yu E and Hong SM: HER3 overexpression is a prognostic indicator of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Virchows Arch. 461:521–530. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Jarnagin WR, Klimstra DS, Hezel M, et al: Differential cell cycle-regulatory protein expression in biliary tract adenocarcinoma: correlation with anatomic site, pathologic variables, and clinical outcome. J Clin Oncol. 24:1152–1160. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar

21 

Edge SB and Compton CC: The American Joint Committee on Cancer: the 7th edition of the AJCC cancer staging manual and the future of TNM. Ann Surg Oncol. 17:1471–1474. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Wang L, Zhang J, Yang X, et al: SOX4 is associated with poor prognosis in prostate cancer and promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition in vitro. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 16:301–307. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Rajkumar T, Stamp GW, Pandha HS, Waxman J and Gullick WJ: Expression of the type 1 tyrosine kinase growth factor receptors EGF receptor, c-erbB2 and c-erbB3 in bladder cancer. J Pathol. 179:381–385. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Ito Y, Takeda T, Sasaki Y, et al: Expression and clinical significance of the erbB family in intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma. Pathol Res Pract. 197:95–100. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Nakazawa K, Dobashi Y, Suzuki S, Fujii H, Takeda Y and Ooi A: Amplification and overexpression of c-erbB-2, epidermal growth factor receptor, and c-met in biliary tract cancers. J Pathol. 206:356–365. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Endreffy E, Burg K, Gyurkovits K, Kalman M, Laszlo A and Rasko I: Allele frequencies of cystic fibrosis-linked markers and F508 deletion in affected Hungarian families. Acta Paediatr Hung. 32:101–113. 1992.PubMed/NCBI

27 

Ruys AT, Groot Koerkamp B, Wiggers JK, Klumpen HJ, Ten Kate FJ and van Gulik TM: Prognostic biomarkers in patients with resected cholangiocarcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Surg Oncol. 21:487–500. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Lee J, Park SH, Chang HM, et al: Gemcitabine and oxaliplatin with or without erlotinib in advanced biliary-tract cancer: a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 3 study. Lancet Oncol. 13:181–188. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Chiorean EG, Ramasubbaiah R, Yu M, et al: Phase II trial of erlotinib and docetaxel in advanced and refractory hepatocellular and biliary cancers: Hoosier Oncology Group GI06–101. Oncologist. 17:132012.PubMed/NCBI

30 

Barnes NL, Khavari S, Boland GP, Cramer A, Knox WF and Bundred NJ: Absence of HER4 expression predicts recurrence of ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast. Clin Cancer Res. 11:2163–2168. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Edwards J, Traynor P, Munro AF, Pirret CF, Dunne B and Bartlett JM: The role of HER1-HER4 and EGFRvIII in hormone-refractory prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 12:123–130. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Thybusch-Bernhardt A, Beckmann S and Juhl H: Comparative analysis of the EGF-receptor family in pancreatic cancer: expression of HER-4 correlates with a favourable tumor stage. Int J Surg Investig. 2:393–400. 2001.

33 

Bussu F, Ranelletti FO, Gessi M, et al: Immunohistochemical expression patterns of the HER4 receptors in normal mucosa and in laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas: antioncogenic significance of the HER4 protein in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Laryngoscope. 122:1724–1733. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar

34 

Gilbertson RJ, Perry RH, Kelly PJ, Pearson AD and Lunec J: Prognostic significance of HER2 and HER4 coexpression in childhood medulloblastoma. Cancer Res. 57:3272–3280. 1997.PubMed/NCBI

35 

Rickert CH: Prognosis-related molecular markers in pediatric central nervous system tumors. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 63:1211–1224. 2004.PubMed/NCBI

36 

Settakorn J, Kaewpila N, Burns GF and Leong AS: FAT, E-cadherin, β catenin, HER 2/neu, Ki67 immuno-expression, and histological grade in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. J Clin Pathol. 58:1249–1254. 2005.

37 

Buchler P, Reber HA, Buchler MC, et al: Therapy for pancreatic cancer with a recombinant humanized anti-HER2 antibody (herceptin). J Gastrointest Surg. 5:139–146. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Reschke M, Mihic-Probst D, van der Horst EH, et al: HER3 is a determinant for poor prognosis in melanoma. Clin Cancer Res. 14:5188–5197. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Yi ES, Harclerode D, Gondo M, et al: High c-erbB-3 protein expression is associated with shorter survival in advanced non-small cell lung carcinomas. Mod Pathol. 10:142–148. 1997.PubMed/NCBI

40 

Begnami MD, Fukuda E, Fregnani JH, et al: Prognostic implications of altered human epidermal growth factor receptors (HERs) in gastric carcinomas: HER2 and HER3 are predictors of poor outcome. J Clin Oncol. 29:3030–3036. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Yang X, Wang W, Wang C, Wang L, Yang M, Qi M, Su H, Sun X, Liu Z, Zhang J, Zhang J, et al: Characterization of EGFR family gene aberrations in cholangiocarcinoma. Oncol Rep 32: 700-708, 2014.
APA
Yang, X., Wang, W., Wang, C., Wang, L., Yang, M., Qi, M. ... Han, B. (2014). Characterization of EGFR family gene aberrations in cholangiocarcinoma. Oncology Reports, 32, 700-708. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2014.3261
MLA
Yang, X., Wang, W., Wang, C., Wang, L., Yang, M., Qi, M., Su, H., Sun, X., Liu, Z., Zhang, J., Qin, X., Han, B."Characterization of EGFR family gene aberrations in cholangiocarcinoma". Oncology Reports 32.2 (2014): 700-708.
Chicago
Yang, X., Wang, W., Wang, C., Wang, L., Yang, M., Qi, M., Su, H., Sun, X., Liu, Z., Zhang, J., Qin, X., Han, B."Characterization of EGFR family gene aberrations in cholangiocarcinoma". Oncology Reports 32, no. 2 (2014): 700-708. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2014.3261
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Yang X, Wang W, Wang C, Wang L, Yang M, Qi M, Su H, Sun X, Liu Z, Zhang J, Zhang J, et al: Characterization of EGFR family gene aberrations in cholangiocarcinoma. Oncol Rep 32: 700-708, 2014.
APA
Yang, X., Wang, W., Wang, C., Wang, L., Yang, M., Qi, M. ... Han, B. (2014). Characterization of EGFR family gene aberrations in cholangiocarcinoma. Oncology Reports, 32, 700-708. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2014.3261
MLA
Yang, X., Wang, W., Wang, C., Wang, L., Yang, M., Qi, M., Su, H., Sun, X., Liu, Z., Zhang, J., Qin, X., Han, B."Characterization of EGFR family gene aberrations in cholangiocarcinoma". Oncology Reports 32.2 (2014): 700-708.
Chicago
Yang, X., Wang, W., Wang, C., Wang, L., Yang, M., Qi, M., Su, H., Sun, X., Liu, Z., Zhang, J., Qin, X., Han, B."Characterization of EGFR family gene aberrations in cholangiocarcinoma". Oncology Reports 32, no. 2 (2014): 700-708. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2014.3261
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team