Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Oncology Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1021-335X Online ISSN: 1791-2431
Journal Cover
August-2015 Volume 34 Issue 2

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
August-2015 Volume 34 Issue 2

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Activated protein C upregulates ovarian cancer cell migration and promotes unclottability of the cancer cell microenvironment

  • Authors:
    • Hamda Althawadi
    • Halema Alfarsi
    • Samaher Besbes
    • Shahsoltan Mirshahi
    • Elodie Ducros
    • Arash Rafii
    • Marc Pocard
    • Amu Therwath
    • Jeannette Soria
    • Massoud Mirshahi
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: UMR, Paris Diderot, Paris 7 University, Lariboisiere Hospital, INSERM U965, Paris, France, Qatar Foundation, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Doha, Qatar
    Copyright: © Althawadi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY_NC 3.0].
  • Pages: 603-609
    |
    Published online on: June 15, 2015
       https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2015.4061
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of activated protein C (aPC), known to be a physiological anticoagulant, in ovarian cancer cell activation as well as in loss of clotting of cancer ascitic fluid. The effect of aPC on an ovarian cancer cell line (OVCAR-3) was tested in regards to i) cell migration and adhesion with the use of adhesion and wound healing assays as well as a droplet test; ii) protein phosphorylation, evaluated by cyto-ELISA; iii) cell cycle modification assessed by flow cytometric DNA quantification; and iv) anticoagulant activity evaluated by the prolongation of partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) of normal plasma in the presence or absence of aPC‑treated ovarian cancer cells. In addition, the soluble endothelial protein C receptor (sEPCR) was quantified by ELISA in ascitic fluid of patients with ovarian cancer. Our results showed that in the OVCAR-3 aPC-induced cells i) an increase in cell migration was noted, which was inhibited when anti-endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) was added to the culture medium and which may act via MEK-ERK and Rho-GTPase pathways; ii) an increase in threonine, and to a lesser extent tyrosine phosphorylation; iii) cell cycle activation (G1 to S/G2); and iv) a 2-3-fold prolongation of aPTT of normal plasma. In the peritoneal fluid, the sEPCR concentration was 71±23 ng/ml. In conclusion, free aPC binds to membrane EPCR in ovarian cancer cells and induces cell migration via MEK-ERK and Rho-GTPase pathways. This binding could also explain the loss of clotting of peritoneal fluids.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

View References

1 

Matte I, Lane D, Laplante C, Rancourt C and Piché A: Profiling of cytokines in human epithelial ovarian cancer ascites. Am J Cancer Res. 2:566–580. 2012.PubMed/NCBI

2 

Desjardins M, Xie J, Gurler H, Muralidhar GG, Sacks JD, Burdette JE and Barbolina MV: Versican regulates metastasis of epithelial ovarian carcinoma cells and spheroids. J Ovarian Res. 7:702014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Goncharenko-Khaider N, Matte I, Lane D, Rancourt C and Piché A: Ovarian cancer ascites increase Mcl-1 expression in tumor cells through ERK1/2-Elk-1 signaling to attenuate TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Mol Cancer. 11:842012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Puiffe ML, Le Page C, Filali-Mouhim A, Zietarska M, Ouellet V, Tonin PN, Chevrette M, Provencher DM and Mes-Masson AM: Characterization of ovarian cancer ascites on cell invasion, proliferation, spheroid formation, and gene expression in an in vitro model of epithelial ovarian cancer. Neoplasia. 9:820–829. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Wang L, Madigan MC, Chen H, Liu F, Patterson KI, Beretov J, O'Brien PM and Li Y: Expression of urokinase plasminogen activator and its receptor in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer patients. Gynecol Oncol. 114:265–272. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Fukudome K, Ye X, Tsuneyoshi N, Tokunaga O, Sugawara K, Mizokami H and Kimoto M: Activation mechanism of anticoagulant protein C in large blood vessels involving the endothelial cell protein C receptor. J Exp Med. 187:1029–1035. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Dahlbäck B and Villoutreix BO: Molecular recognition in the protein C anticoagulant pathway. J Thromb Haemost. 1:1525–1534. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Fukudome K and Esmon CT: Identification, cloning, and regulation of a novel endothelial cell protein C/activated protein C receptor. J Biol Chem. 269:26486–26491. 1994.PubMed/NCBI

9 

Taylor FB Jr, Peer GT, Lockhart MS, Ferrell G and Esmon CT: Endothelial cell protein C receptor plays an important role in protein C activation in vivo. Blood. 97:1685–1688. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Li W, Zheng X, Gu J, Hunter J, Ferrell GL, Lupu F, Esmon NL and Esmon CT: Overexpressing endothelial cell protein C receptor alters the hemostatic balance and protects mice from endotoxin. J Thromb Haemost. 3:1351–1359. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Zheng X, Li W, Gu JM, Qu D, Ferrell GL, Esmon NL and Esmon CT: Effects of membrane and soluble EPCR on the hemostatic balance and endotoxemia in mice. Blood. 109:1003–1009. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar

12 

Griffin JH, Zlokovic BV and Mosnier LO: Protein C anticoagulant and cytoprotective pathways. Int J Hematol. 95:333–345. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Van Sluis GL, Niers TM, Esmon CT, Tigchelaar W, Richel DJ, Buller HR, Van Noorden CJ and Spek CA: Endogenous activated protein C limits cancer cell extravasation through sphin-gosine-1-phosphate receptor 1-mediated vascular endothelial barrier enhancement. Blood. 114:1968–1973. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Azzazene D, Al Thawadi H, Al Farsi H, Besbes S, Geyl C, Mirshahi S, Pardo J, Faussat AM, Jeannette S, Therwath A, Pujade-Lauraine E and Mirshahi M: Plasma endothelial protein C receptor influences innate immune response in ovarian cancer by decreasing the population of natural killer and TH17 helper cells. Int J Oncol. 43:1011–1018. 2013.PubMed/NCBI

15 

Van Sluis GL, Brüggemann LW, Esmon CT, Kamphuisen PW, Richel DJ, Büller HR, Van Noorden CJ and Spek CA: Endogenous activated protein C is essential for immune-mediated cancer cell elimination from the circulation. Cancer Lett. 306:106–110. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Laszik Z, Mitro A, Taylor FB Jr, Ferrell G and Esmon CT: Human protein C receptor is present primarily on endothelium of large blood vessels: implications for the control of the protein C pathway. Circulation. 96:3633–2640. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Balazs AB, Fabian AJ, Esmon CT and Mulligan RC: Endothelial protein C receptor (CD201) explicitly identifies hematopoietic stem cells in murine bone marrow. Blood. 107:2317–2321. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar

18 

Schaffner F, Yokota N, Carneiro-Lobo T, Kitano M, Schaffer M, Anderson GM, Mueller BM, Esmon CT and Ruf W: Endothelial protein C receptor function in murine and human breast cancer development. PLoS One. 8:e610712013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Fukudome K, Kurosawa S, Stearns-Kurosawa DJ, He X, Rezaie AR and Esmon CT: The endothelial cell protein C receptor. Cell surface expression and direct ligand binding by the soluble receptor. J Biol Chem. 271:17491–17498. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Saposnik B, Lesteven E, Lokajczyk A, Esmon CT, Aiach M and Gandrille S: Alternative mRNA is favored by the A3 haplotype of the EPCR gene PROCRand generates a novel soluble form of EPCR in plasma. Blood. 111:3442–3451. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar :

21 

Nayak RC, Sen P, Ghosh S, Gopalakrishnan R, Esmon CT, Pendurthi UR and Rao LV: Endothelial cell protein C receptor cellular localization and trafficking: potential functional implications. Blood. 114:1974–1986. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Schuepbach RA and Riewald M: Coagulation factor Xa cleaves protease-activated receptor-1 and mediates signaling dependent on binding to the endothelial protein C receptor. J Thromb Haemost. 8:379–388. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar

23 

Joyce DE, Gelbert L, Ciaccia A, DeHoff B and Grinnell BW: Gene expression profile of antithrombotic protein C defines new mechanisms modulating inflammation and apoptosis. J Biol Chem. 276:11199–11203. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Riewald M, Petrovan RJ, Donner A, Mueller BM and Ruf W: Activation of endothelial cell protease activated receptor 1 by the protein C pathway. Science. 296:1880–1882. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Ducros E, Mirshahi S, Azzazene D, Camilleri-Broët S, Mery E, Al Farsi H, Althawadi H, Besbess S, Chidiac J, Pujade-Lauraine E, et al: Endothelial protein C receptor expressed by ovarian cancer cells as a possible biomarker of cancer onset. Int J Oncol. 41:433–440. 2012.PubMed/NCBI

26 

Ducros E, Mirshahi SS, Faussat AM, Mirshahi P, Dimicoli S, Tang R, Pardo J, Ibrahim J, Marie JP, Therwath A, et al: Soluble endothelial protein C receptor (sEPCR) is likely a biomarker of cancer-associated hypercoagulability in human hematologic malignancies. Cancer Med. 1:261–267. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar

27 

Berthaut A, Mirshahi P, Benabbou N, Azzazene D, Bordu C, Therwath A, Legeais JM and Mirshahi M: Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR-1) expression in human corneal fibroblast decreased with age. Mol Vis. 15:1997–2007. 2009.PubMed/NCBI

28 

Queille S, Drougard C, Sarasin A and Daya-Grosjean L: Effects of XPD mutations on ultraviolet-induced apoptosis in relation to skin cancer-proneness in repair-deficient syndromes. J Invest Dermatol. 117:1162–1170. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Ducros E, Berthaut A, Mirshahi SS, Faussat AM, Soria J, Agarwal MK and Mirshahi M: Aldosterone modifies hemostasis via upregulation of the protein-C receptor in human vascular endothelium. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 373:192–196. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Mirshahi S, Soria C, Kouchakji B, Kierzek G, Borg JY, Varin R, Chidiac J, Drouet L, Mirshahi M and Soria J: New combinational assay using soluble fibrin and D-dimer determinations: a promising strategy for identifying patients with suspected venous thromboembolism. PLoS One. 9:e923792014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Ayantunde AA and Parsons SL: Pattern and prognostic factors in patients with malignant ascites: a retrospective study. Ann Oncol. 18:945–949. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar

32 

Smolle E, Taucher V and Haybaeck J: Malignant ascites in ovarian cancer and the role of targeted therapeutics. Anticancer Res. 34:1553–1561. 2014.PubMed/NCBI

33 

Casslén B, Bossmar T, Lecander I and Astedt B: Plasminogen activators and plasminogen activator inhibitors in blood and tumour fluids of patients with ovarian cancer. Eur J Cancer. 30A:1302–1309. 1994. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Graves LE, Ariztia EV, Navari JR, Matzel HJ, Stack MS and Fishman DA: Proinvasive properties of ovarian cancer ascites-derived membrane vesicles. Cancer Res. 64:7045–7049. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Xue M, Thompson P, Kelso I and Jackson C: Activated protein C stimulates proliferation, migration and wound closure, inhibits apoptosis and upregulates MMP-2 activity in cultured human keratinocytes. Exp Cell Res. 299:119–127. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Van Hinsbergh VW, Bertina RM, Van wijngaarden A, Van Tilburg NH, Emeis JJ and Haverkate F: Activated protein C decreases plasminogen activator-inhibitor activity in endothelial cell-conditioned medium. Blood. 65:444–451. 1985.PubMed/NCBI

37 

Mosnier LO, Zlokovic BV and Griffin JH: The cytoprotective protein C pathway. Blood. 109:3161–3172. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar

38 

Mohan Rao LV, Esmon CT and Pendurthi UR: Endothelial cell protein C receptor: a multiliganded and multifunctional receptor. Blood. 124:1553–1562. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Althawadi H, Alfarsi H, Besbes S, Mirshahi S, Ducros E, Rafii A, Pocard M, Therwath A, Soria J, Mirshahi M, Mirshahi M, et al: Activated protein C upregulates ovarian cancer cell migration and promotes unclottability of the cancer cell microenvironment. Oncol Rep 34: 603-609, 2015.
APA
Althawadi, H., Alfarsi, H., Besbes, S., Mirshahi, S., Ducros, E., Rafii, A. ... Mirshahi, M. (2015). Activated protein C upregulates ovarian cancer cell migration and promotes unclottability of the cancer cell microenvironment. Oncology Reports, 34, 603-609. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2015.4061
MLA
Althawadi, H., Alfarsi, H., Besbes, S., Mirshahi, S., Ducros, E., Rafii, A., Pocard, M., Therwath, A., Soria, J., Mirshahi, M."Activated protein C upregulates ovarian cancer cell migration and promotes unclottability of the cancer cell microenvironment". Oncology Reports 34.2 (2015): 603-609.
Chicago
Althawadi, H., Alfarsi, H., Besbes, S., Mirshahi, S., Ducros, E., Rafii, A., Pocard, M., Therwath, A., Soria, J., Mirshahi, M."Activated protein C upregulates ovarian cancer cell migration and promotes unclottability of the cancer cell microenvironment". Oncology Reports 34, no. 2 (2015): 603-609. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2015.4061
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Althawadi H, Alfarsi H, Besbes S, Mirshahi S, Ducros E, Rafii A, Pocard M, Therwath A, Soria J, Mirshahi M, Mirshahi M, et al: Activated protein C upregulates ovarian cancer cell migration and promotes unclottability of the cancer cell microenvironment. Oncol Rep 34: 603-609, 2015.
APA
Althawadi, H., Alfarsi, H., Besbes, S., Mirshahi, S., Ducros, E., Rafii, A. ... Mirshahi, M. (2015). Activated protein C upregulates ovarian cancer cell migration and promotes unclottability of the cancer cell microenvironment. Oncology Reports, 34, 603-609. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2015.4061
MLA
Althawadi, H., Alfarsi, H., Besbes, S., Mirshahi, S., Ducros, E., Rafii, A., Pocard, M., Therwath, A., Soria, J., Mirshahi, M."Activated protein C upregulates ovarian cancer cell migration and promotes unclottability of the cancer cell microenvironment". Oncology Reports 34.2 (2015): 603-609.
Chicago
Althawadi, H., Alfarsi, H., Besbes, S., Mirshahi, S., Ducros, E., Rafii, A., Pocard, M., Therwath, A., Soria, J., Mirshahi, M."Activated protein C upregulates ovarian cancer cell migration and promotes unclottability of the cancer cell microenvironment". Oncology Reports 34, no. 2 (2015): 603-609. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2015.4061
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team