Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Oncology Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1021-335X Online ISSN: 1791-2431
Journal Cover
November-2015 Volume 34 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
November-2015 Volume 34 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

Farnesoid X receptor signal is involved in deoxycholic acid-induced intestinal metaplasia of normal human gastric epithelial cells

  • Authors:
    • Shu Li
    • Xin Chen
    • Lu Zhou
    • Bang-Mao Wang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Heping, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
  • Pages: 2674-2682
    |
    Published online on: August 19, 2015
       https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2015.4207
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

The farnesoid X receptor (FXR) signaling pathway is known to be involved in the metabolism of bile acid, glucose and lipid. In the present study, we demonstrated that 400 µmol/l deoxycholic acid (DCA) stimulation promotes the proliferation of normal human gastric epithelial cells (GES-1). In addition, DCA activated FXR and increased the expression of intestinal metaplasia genes, including caudal-related homeobox transcription factor 2 (Cdx2) and mucin 2 (MUC2). The treatment of FXR agonist GW4064/antagonist guggulsterone (Gug.) significantly increased/decreased the expression levels of FXR, Cdx2 and MUC2 protein in DCA-induced GES-1 cells. GW4064/Gug. also enhanced/reduced the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activity and binding of the Cdx2 promoter region and NF-κB, the most common subunit p50 protein. Taken together, the results indicated that DCA is capable of modulating the expression of Cdx2 and the downstream MUC2 via the nuclear receptor FXR-NF-κB activity in normal gastric epithelial cells. FXR signaling pathway may therefore be involved in the intestinal metaplasia of human gastric mucosa.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

View References

1 

Park JY, von Karsa L and Herrero R: Prevention strategies for gastric cancer: A global perspective. Clin Endosc. 47:478–489. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Correa P, Piazuelo MB and Wilson KT: Pathology of gastric intestinal metaplasia: Clinical implications. Am J Gastroenterol. 105:493–498. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Dinis-Ribeiro M, Areia M, de Vries AC, Marcos-Pinto R, Monteiro-Soares M, O'Connor A, Pereira C, Pimentel-Nunes P, Correia R, Ensari A, et al European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy; European Helicobacter Study Group; European Society of Pathology; Sociedade Portuguesa de Endoscopia Digestiva: Management of precancerous conditions and lesions in the stomach (MAPS): Guideline from the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE), European Helicobacter Study Group (EHSG), European Society of Pathology (ESP), and the Sociedade Portuguesa de Endoscopia Digestiva (SPED). Endoscopy. 44:74–94. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar :

4 

Dixon MF, Mapstone NP, Neville PM, Moayyedi P and Axon AT: Bile reflux gastritis and intestinal metaplasia at the cardia. Gut. 51:351–355. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Martinez-Augustin O and Sanchez de Medina F: Intestinal bile acid physiology and pathophysiology. World J Gastroenterol. 14:5630–5640. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Huo X, Juergens S, Zhang X, Rezaei D, Yu C, Strauch ED, Wang JY, Cheng E, Meyer F, Wang DH, et al: Deoxycholic acid causes DNA damage while inducing apoptotic resistance through NF-κB activation in benign Barrett's epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 301:G278–G286. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Xu Y, Watanabe T, Tanigawa T, Machida H, Okazaki H, Yamagami H, Watanabe K, Tominaga K, Fujiwara Y, Oshitani N, et al: Bile acids induce cdx2 expression through the farnesoid × receptor in gastric epithelial cells. J Clin Biochem Nutr. 46:81–86. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Mazuy C, Helleboid A, Staels B and Lefebvre P: Nuclear bile acid signaling through the farnesoid X receptor. Cell Mol Life Sci. 72:1631–1650. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

9 

Matsubara T, Li F and Gonzalez FJ: FXR signaling in the enterohepatic system. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 368:17–29. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar

10 

Li S, Ni A and Feng GS: Bridging cell surface receptor with nuclear receptors in control of bile acid homeostasis. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 36:113–118. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

11 

Lian F, Xing X, Yuan G, Schäfer C, Rauser S, Walch A, Röcken C, Ebeling M, Wright MB, Schmid RM, et al: Farnesoid X receptor protects human and murine gastric epithelial cells against inflammation-induced damage. Biochem J. 438:315–323. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Shaik FB, Prasad DV and Narala VR: Role of farnesoid X receptor in inflammation and resolution. Inflamm Res. 64:9–20. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

13 

Yan LH, Wei WY, Xie YB and Xiao Q: New insights into the functions and localization of the homeotic gene CDX2 in gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol. 20:3960–3966. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Kerkhof M, Bax DA, Moons LM, van Vuuren AJ, van Dekken H, Steyerberg EW, Kuipers EJ, Kusters JG and Siersema PD; Cybar Study Group: Does CDX2 expression predict Barrett's meta-plasia in oesophageal columnar epithelium without goblet cells? Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 24:1613–1621. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar

15 

Coskun M, Troelsen JT and Nielsen OH: The role of CDX2 in intestinal homeostasis and inflammation. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1812:283–289. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar

16 

Roessler K, Mönig SP, Schneider PM, Hanisch FG, Landsberg S, Thiele J, Hölscher AH, Dienes HP and Baldus SE: Co-expression of CDX2 and MUC2 in gastric carcinomas: Correlations with clinico-pathological parameters and prognosis. World J Gastroenterol. 11:3182–3188. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Boyd M, Hansen M, Jensen TG, Perearnau A, Olsen AK, Bram LL, Bak M, Tommerup N, Olsen J and Troelsen JT: Genome-wide analysis of CDX2 binding in intestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2). J Biol Chem. 285:25115–25125. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Houde M, Laprise P, Jean D, Blais M, Asselin C and Rivard N: Intestinal epithelial cell differentiation involves activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase that regulates the homeobox transcription factor CDX2. J Biol Chem. 276:21885–21894. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Mutoh H, Sakurai S, Satoh K, Tamada K, Kita H, Osawa H, Tomiyama T, Sato Y, Yamamoto H, Isoda N, et al: Development of gastric carcinoma from intestinal metaplasia in Cdx2-transgenic mice. Cancer Res. 64:7740–7747. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Liu Q, Teh M, Ito K, Shah N, Ito Y and Yeoh KG: CDX2 expression is progressively decreased in human gastric intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia and cancer. Mod Pathol. 20:1286–1297. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Park Y, Srivastava A, Kim GH, Mino-Kenudson M, Deshpande V, Zukerberg LR, Song GA and Lauwers GY: CDX2 expression in the intestinal-type gastric epithelial neoplasia: Frequency and significance. Mod Pathol. 23:54–61. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar

22 

Mutoh H, Satoh K, Kita H, Sakamoto H, Hayakawa H, Yamamoto H, Isoda N, Tamada K, Ido K and Sugano K: Cdx2 specifies the differentiation of morphological as well as functional absorptive enterocytes of the small intestine. Int J Dev Biol. 49:867–871. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Silberg DG, Sullivan J, Kang E, Swain GP, Moffett J, Sund NJ, Sackett SD and Kaestner KH: Cdx2 ectopic expression induces gastric intestinal metaplasia in transgenic mice. Gastroenterology. 122:689–696. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Johansson ME and Hansson GC: Mucus and the goblet cell. Dig Dis. 31:305–309. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Johansson ME, Sjövall H and Hansson GC: The gastrointestinal mucus system in health and disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 10:352–361. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Yamamoto H, Bai YQ and Yuasa Y: Homeodomain protein CDX2 regulates goblet-specific MUC2 gene expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 300:813–818. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Huang XF, Zhao WY and Huang WD: FXR and liver carcinogenesis. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 36:37–43. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

28 

van de Winkel A, van Zoest KP, van Dekken H, Moons LM, Kuipers EJ and van der Laan LJ: Differential expression of the nuclear receptors farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and pregnane X receptor (PXR) for grading dysplasia in patients with Barrett's oesophagus. Histopathology. 58:246–253. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Khurana S, Raufman JP and Pallone TL: Bile acids regulate cardiovascular function. Clin Transl Sci. 4:210–218. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Fiorucci S, Mencarelli A, Cipriani S, Renga B, Palladino G, Santucci L and Distrutti E: Activation of the farnesoid-X receptor protects against gastrointestinal injury caused by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in mice. Br J Pharmacol. 164:1929–1938. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Kim S, Domon-Dell C, Wang Q, Chung DH, Di Cristofano A, Pandolfi PP, Freund JN and Evers BM: PTEN and TNF-alpha regulation of the intestinal-specific Cdx-2 homeobox gene through a PI3K, PKB/Akt, and NF-kappaB-dependent pathway. Gastroenterology. 123:1163–1178. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Jing H and Lee S: NF-κB in cellular senescence and cancer treatment. Mol Cells. 37:189–195. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Chen LF and Greene WC: Shaping the nuclear action of NF-kappaB. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 5:392–401. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Debruyne PR, Witek M, Gong L, Birbe R, Chervoneva I, Jin T, Domon-Cell C, Palazzo JP, Freund JN, Li P, et al: Bile acids induce ectopic expression of intestinal guanylyl cyclase C through nuclear factor-kappaB and Cdx2 in human esophageal cells. Gastroenterology. 130:1191–1206. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Kazumori H, Ishihara S, Rumi MA, Kadowaki Y and Kinoshita Y: Bile acids directly augment caudal related homeobox gene Cdx2 expression in oesophageal keratinocytes in Barrett's epithelium. Gut. 55:16–25. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar

36 

Huo X, Zhang HY, Zhang XI, Lynch JP, Strauch ED, Wang JY, Melton SD, Genta RM, Wang DH, Spechler SJ, et al: Acid and bile salt-induced CDX2 expression differs in esophageal squamous cells from patients with and without Barrett's esophagus. Gastroenterology. 139:194–203.e1. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Satake S, Semba S, Matsuda Y, Usami Y, Chiba H, Sawada N, Kasuga M and Yokozaki H: Cdx2 transcription factor regulates claudin-3 and claudin-4 expression during intestinal differentiation of gastric carcinoma. Pathol Int. 58:156–163. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Mutoh H, Hayakawa H, Sashikawa M, Sakamoto H and Sugano K: Direct repression of Sonic Hedgehog expression in the stomach by Cdx2 leads to intestinal transformation. Biochem J. 427:423–434. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Mutoh H, Hayakawa H, Sakamoto H and Sugano K: Homeobox protein CDX2 reduces Cox-2 transcription by inactivating the DNA-binding capacity of nuclear factor-kappaB. J Gastroenterol. 42:719–729. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Eda A, Osawa H, Yanaka I, Satoh K, Mutoh H, Kihira K and Sugano K: Expression of homeobox gene CDX2 precedes that of CDX1 during the progression of intestinal metaplasia. J Gastroenterol. 37:94–100. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Zaninotto G, Portale G, Parenti A, Lanza C, Costantini M, Molena D, Ruol A, Battaglia G, Costantino M, Epifani M, et al: Role of acid and bile reflux in development of specialised intestinal metaplasia in distal oesophagus. Dig Liver Dis. 34:251–257. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

Weijenborg PW and Bredenoord AJ: How reflux causes symptoms: Reflux perception in gastroesophageal reflux disease. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 27:353–364. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Xie Y, Li L, Wang X, Qin Y, Qian Q, Yuan X and Xiao Q: Overexpression of Cdx2 inhibits progression of gastric cancer in vitro. Int J Oncol. 36:509–516. 2010.PubMed/NCBI

44 

Takahashi K, Hirano F, Matsumoto K, Aso K and Haneda M: Homeobox gene CDX2 inhibits human pancreatic cancer cell proliferation by downregulating cyclin D1 transcriptional activity. Pancreas. 38:49–57. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar

45 

Song JH, Kim CJ, Cho YG, Chae JS, Cao Z, Nam SW, Lee JY and Park WS: Genetic alterations of the Cdx2 gene in gastric cancer. APMIS. 116:74–80. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Li S, Chen X, Zhou L and Wang B: Farnesoid X receptor signal is involved in deoxycholic acid-induced intestinal metaplasia of normal human gastric epithelial cells. Oncol Rep 34: 2674-2682, 2015.
APA
Li, S., Chen, X., Zhou, L., & Wang, B. (2015). Farnesoid X receptor signal is involved in deoxycholic acid-induced intestinal metaplasia of normal human gastric epithelial cells. Oncology Reports, 34, 2674-2682. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2015.4207
MLA
Li, S., Chen, X., Zhou, L., Wang, B."Farnesoid X receptor signal is involved in deoxycholic acid-induced intestinal metaplasia of normal human gastric epithelial cells". Oncology Reports 34.5 (2015): 2674-2682.
Chicago
Li, S., Chen, X., Zhou, L., Wang, B."Farnesoid X receptor signal is involved in deoxycholic acid-induced intestinal metaplasia of normal human gastric epithelial cells". Oncology Reports 34, no. 5 (2015): 2674-2682. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2015.4207
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Li S, Chen X, Zhou L and Wang B: Farnesoid X receptor signal is involved in deoxycholic acid-induced intestinal metaplasia of normal human gastric epithelial cells. Oncol Rep 34: 2674-2682, 2015.
APA
Li, S., Chen, X., Zhou, L., & Wang, B. (2015). Farnesoid X receptor signal is involved in deoxycholic acid-induced intestinal metaplasia of normal human gastric epithelial cells. Oncology Reports, 34, 2674-2682. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2015.4207
MLA
Li, S., Chen, X., Zhou, L., Wang, B."Farnesoid X receptor signal is involved in deoxycholic acid-induced intestinal metaplasia of normal human gastric epithelial cells". Oncology Reports 34.5 (2015): 2674-2682.
Chicago
Li, S., Chen, X., Zhou, L., Wang, B."Farnesoid X receptor signal is involved in deoxycholic acid-induced intestinal metaplasia of normal human gastric epithelial cells". Oncology Reports 34, no. 5 (2015): 2674-2682. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2015.4207
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team