Open Access

Reduction of apoptosis by proanthocyanidin-induced autophagy in the human gastric cancer cell line MGC-803

  • Authors:
    • Chao Nie
    • Jie Zhou
    • Xiaokang Qin
    • Xianming Shi
    • Qingqi Zeng
    • Jia Liu
    • Shihai Yan
    • Lei Zhang
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: November 13, 2015     https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2015.4419
  • Pages: 649-658
  • Copyright: © Nie et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Proanthocyanidins are flavonoids that are widely present in the skin and seeds of various plants, with the highest content in grape seeds. Many experiments have shown that proanthocyanidins have antitumor activity both in vivo and in vitro. Autophagy and apoptosis of tumor cells induced by drugs are two of the major causes of tumor cell death. However, reports on the effect of autophagy induced by drugs in tumor cells are not consistent and suggest that autophagy can have synergistic or antagonistic effects with apoptosis. This research was aimed at investigating whether proanthocyanidins induced autophagy and apoptosis in human gastric cancer cell line MGC-803 cells and to identify the mechanism of proanthocyanidins action to further determine the effect of proanthocyanidins-induced autophagy on apoptosis. MTT assay was used to examine the proanthocyanidin cytotoxicity against human gastric cancer cell line MGC-803. Transmission electron microscopy and monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining were used to detect autophagy. Annexin V APC/7-AAD double staining and Hoechst 33342/propidium iodide (PI) double staining were used to explore apoptosis. Western blotting was used to determine expression of proteins related to autophagy and apoptosis. Real-time quantitative PCR technology was used to determine the mRNA level of Beclin1 and BCL-2. The results showed that proanthocyanidins exhibit a significant inhibitory effect on the human gastric cancer cell line MGC-803 proliferation in vitro and simultaneously activate autophagy and apoptosis to promote cell death. Furthermore, when proanthocyanidin-induced autophagy is inhibited, apoptosis increases significantly, proanthocyanidins can be used together with autophagy inhibitors to enhance cytotoxicity.
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February-2016
Volume 35 Issue 2

Print ISSN: 1021-335X
Online ISSN:1791-2431

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Spandidos Publications style
Nie C, Zhou J, Qin X, Shi X, Zeng Q, Liu J, Yan S and Zhang L: Reduction of apoptosis by proanthocyanidin-induced autophagy in the human gastric cancer cell line MGC-803. Oncol Rep 35: 649-658, 2016
APA
Nie, C., Zhou, J., Qin, X., Shi, X., Zeng, Q., Liu, J. ... Zhang, L. (2016). Reduction of apoptosis by proanthocyanidin-induced autophagy in the human gastric cancer cell line MGC-803. Oncology Reports, 35, 649-658. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2015.4419
MLA
Nie, C., Zhou, J., Qin, X., Shi, X., Zeng, Q., Liu, J., Yan, S., Zhang, L."Reduction of apoptosis by proanthocyanidin-induced autophagy in the human gastric cancer cell line MGC-803". Oncology Reports 35.2 (2016): 649-658.
Chicago
Nie, C., Zhou, J., Qin, X., Shi, X., Zeng, Q., Liu, J., Yan, S., Zhang, L."Reduction of apoptosis by proanthocyanidin-induced autophagy in the human gastric cancer cell line MGC-803". Oncology Reports 35, no. 2 (2016): 649-658. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2015.4419