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The ethanol extracts of sporoderm-broken spores of Ganoderma lucidum inhibit colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo

  • Authors:
    • Kang Li
    • Kun Na
    • Tingting Sang
    • Kaikai Wu
    • Ying Wang
    • Xingya Wang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Li et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 2803-2813
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    Published online on: September 27, 2017
       https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2017.6010
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Abstract

The medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum) has been reported to possess a variety of pharmacological activities including anticancer effects. However, the anti-colorectal cancer effects and the potential molecular mechanisms of the ethanol extracts of sporoderm-broken spores of G. lucidum (BSGLEE), which mainly contains triterpenoids, have not been reported. The aim of the present study was to investigate the anticancer effects and molecular mechanisms exerted by BSGLEE on colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo. MTT assay revealed that BSGLEE at 1.6 to 10 mg/ml significantly inhibited HCT116 cell proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that BSGLEE induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase, which are associated with deregulation of the expression of key genes and proteins (p21, p16, cyclin D1, Bcl-2, bax, NAG-1, PARP and caspase-3) that regulate apoptosis and cell cycle cascades. Moreover, BSGLEE significantly inhibited HCT116 cell migration via downregulating MMP-1, MMP-2 and upregulating E-cadherin expression at mRNA levels. Oral gavage of 75 and 150 mg/kg BSGLEE significantly inhibited HCT116 xenograft tumor growth in nude mice, which was accompanied by suppressed Ki-67 staining as determined by immunochemistry. Collectively, we found that BSGLEE effectively inhibits colorectal cancer carcinogenesis through induction of apoptosis, inhibition of migration and promotion of cell cycle arrest. Our results suggest that triterpenoids of sporoderm-broken spores of G. lucidum ethanol extracts may serve as a promising anticancer agent for colorectal cancer chemoprevention and therapy.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Li K, Na K, Sang T, Wu K, Wang Y and Wang X: The ethanol extracts of sporoderm-broken spores of Ganoderma lucidum inhibit colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo. Oncol Rep 38: 2803-2813, 2017.
APA
Li, K., Na, K., Sang, T., Wu, K., Wang, Y., & Wang, X. (2017). The ethanol extracts of sporoderm-broken spores of Ganoderma lucidum inhibit colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo. Oncology Reports, 38, 2803-2813. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2017.6010
MLA
Li, K., Na, K., Sang, T., Wu, K., Wang, Y., Wang, X."The ethanol extracts of sporoderm-broken spores of Ganoderma lucidum inhibit colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo". Oncology Reports 38.5 (2017): 2803-2813.
Chicago
Li, K., Na, K., Sang, T., Wu, K., Wang, Y., Wang, X."The ethanol extracts of sporoderm-broken spores of Ganoderma lucidum inhibit colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo". Oncology Reports 38, no. 5 (2017): 2803-2813. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2017.6010
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Li K, Na K, Sang T, Wu K, Wang Y and Wang X: The ethanol extracts of sporoderm-broken spores of Ganoderma lucidum inhibit colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo. Oncol Rep 38: 2803-2813, 2017.
APA
Li, K., Na, K., Sang, T., Wu, K., Wang, Y., & Wang, X. (2017). The ethanol extracts of sporoderm-broken spores of Ganoderma lucidum inhibit colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo. Oncology Reports, 38, 2803-2813. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2017.6010
MLA
Li, K., Na, K., Sang, T., Wu, K., Wang, Y., Wang, X."The ethanol extracts of sporoderm-broken spores of Ganoderma lucidum inhibit colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo". Oncology Reports 38.5 (2017): 2803-2813.
Chicago
Li, K., Na, K., Sang, T., Wu, K., Wang, Y., Wang, X."The ethanol extracts of sporoderm-broken spores of Ganoderma lucidum inhibit colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo". Oncology Reports 38, no. 5 (2017): 2803-2813. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2017.6010
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