Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Oncology Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1021-335X Online ISSN: 1791-2431
Journal Cover
October-2018 Volume 40 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
October-2018 Volume 40 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

α7‑nAchR agonist GTS‑21 reduces radiation‑induced lung injury

  • Authors:
    • Zijie Mei
    • Xiaoli Tian
    • Jing Chen
    • Yacheng Wang
    • Ye Yao
    • Xin Li
    • Chunxu Yang
    • Shimin Zhang
    • Conghua Xie
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China, Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
  • Pages: 2287-2297
    |
    Published online on: August 1, 2018
       https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2018.6616
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Radiation‑induced lung injury (RILI) is a major complication of thoracic radiotherapy that starts as exudative inflammation and proceeds to lung fibrosis, and additional studies are required to develop methods to ameliorate RILI. The aim of this study was to explore whether the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtype‑7 (α7‑nAChR) agonist GTS‑21 has a protective effect against RILI. C57BL6 mice were irradiated with 12 Gy to induce a mouse model of RILI. Some of the mice received an i.p. injection of 4 mg/kg GTS‑21 for three days with or without radiation treatment. Mice were sacrificed at 1, 3, 7, 14 and 21 days and at 3 and 6 months after irradiation. The results showed that GTS‑21 treatment significantly relieved RILI by decreasing TNF‑α, IL‑1β and IL‑6 production in serum via inhibition of NF‑κB activation and downregulation of TLR‑4 and HMGB1 expression in the lungs. In addition, we found that GTS‑21 may regulate the MMP/TIMP balance in RILI. Finally, we found that GTS‑21 inhibited NOX‑1 and NOX‑2 expression, which subsequently reduced ROS levels and Hif‑1α expression in RILI. However, GTS‑21 showed little effect on lung tissue without radiation exposure. The results above were also validated in RAW264.7 macrophages. Our results showed that activation of the cholinergic anti‑inflammatory pathway via the α7‑nAChR agonist GTS‑21 reduced RILI. The protective effect of GTS‑21 against RILI is partly attributed to inhibition of the HMGB1/TLR4/NF‑κB pathway and ROS production. Thus, activation of the α7‑nAChR pathway may lead to new possibilities in the therapeutic management of RILI.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

View References

1 

Das SK, Zhou S, Zhang J, Yin FF, Dewhirst MW and Marks LB: Predicting lung radiotherapy-induced pneumonitis using a model combining parametric Lyman probit with nonparametric decision trees. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 68:1212–1221. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Pahl HL: Activators and target genes of Rel/NF-kappaB transcription factors. Oncogene. 18:6853–6866. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Iademarco MF, McQuillan JJ, Rosen GD and Dean DC: Characterization of the promoter for vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). J Biol Chem. 267:16323–16329. 1992.PubMed/NCBI

4 

Liu GD, Xia L, Zhu JW, Ou S, Li MX, He Y, Luo W, Li J, Zhou Q, Yang XQ, et al: Genistein alleviates radiation-induced pneumonitis by depressing Ape1/Ref-1 expression to down-regulate inflammatory cytokines. Cell Biochem Biophys. 69:725–733. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Wajant H, Pfizenmaier K and Scheurich P: Tumor necrosis factor signaling. Cell Death Differ. 10:45–65. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Javaid K, Rahman A, Anwar KN, Frey RS, Minshall RD and Malik AB: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha induces early-onset endothelial adhesivity by protein kinase Czeta-dependent activation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1. Circ Res. 92:1089–1097. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Sullivan DE, Ferris M, Pociask D and Brody AR: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha induces transforming growth factor-beta1 expression in lung fibroblasts through the extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 32:342–349. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Chen Y, Williams J, Ding I, Hernady E, Liu W, Smudzin T, Finkelstein JN, Rubin P and Okunieff P: Radiation pneumonitis and early circulatory cytokine markers. Semin Radiat Oncol. 12 1 Suppl 1:S26–S33. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar

9 

Hosoi Y, Miyachi H, Matsumoto Y, Enomoto A, Nakagawa K, Suzuki N and Ono T: Induction of interleukin-1beta and interleukin-6 mRNA by low doses of ionizing radiation in macrophages. Int J Cancer. 96:270–276. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Johnston CJ, Williams JP, Elder A, Hernady E and Finkelstein JN: Inflammatory cell recruitment following thoracic irradiation. Exp Lung Res. 30:369–382. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Hellweg CE: The Nuclear Factor kappaB pathway: A link to the immune system in the radiation response. Cancer Lett. 368:275–289. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar

12 

Chishti AA, Baumstark-Khan C, Koch K, Kolanus W, Feles S, Konda B, Azhar A, Spitta LF, Henschenmacher B, Diegeler S, et al: Linear energy transfer modulates radiation-induced NF-kappa B activation and expression of its downstream target genes. Radiat Res. 189:354–370. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Pradere JP, Dapito DH and Schwabe RF: The Yin and Yang of Toll-like receptors in cancer. Oncogene. 33:3485–3495. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Yang K, Palm J, Konig J, Seeland U, Rosenkranz S, Feiden W, Rübe C and Rübe CE: Matrix-Metallo-Proteinases and their tissue inhibitors in radiation-induced lung injury. Int J Radiat Biol. 83:665–676. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Masamune A, Watanabe T, Kikuta K, Satoh K and Shimosegawa T: NADPH oxidase plays a crucial role in the activation of pancreatic stellate cells. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 294:G99–G108. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Stas S, Whaley-Connell A, Habibi J, Appesh L, Hayden MR, Karuparthi PR, Qazi M, Morris EM, Cooper SA, Link CD, et al: Mineralocorticoid receptor blockade attenuates chronic overexpression of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system stimulation of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase and cardiac remodeling. Endocrinology. 148:3773–3780. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Hecker L, Vittal R, Jones T, Jagirdar R, Luckhardt TR, Horowitz JC, Pennathur S, Martinez FJ and Thannickal VJ: NADPH oxidase-4 mediates myofibroblast activation and fibrogenic responses to lung injury. Nat Med. 15:1077–1081. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Rabbani ZN, Mi J, Zhang Y, Delong M, Jackson IL, Fleckenstein K, Salahuddin FK, Zhang X, Clary B, Anscher MS and Vujaskovic Z: Hypoxia inducible factor 1alpha signaling in fractionated radiation-induced lung injury: Role of oxidative stress and tissue hypoxia. Radiat Res. 173:165–174. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Mehta V: Radiation pneumonitis and pulmonary fibrosis in non-small-cell lung cancer: Pulmonary function, prediction, and prevention. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 63:5–24. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Koopman FA, Schuurman PR, Vervoordeldonk MJ and Tak PP: Vagus nerve stimulation: A new bioelectronics approach to treat rheumatoid arthritis? Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 28:625–635. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Kox M, Pompe JC, Peters E, Vaneker M, van der Laak JW, van der Hoeven JG, Scheffer GJ, Hoedemaekers CW and Pickkers P: α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist GTS-21 attenuates ventilator-induced tumour necrosis factor-alpha production and lung injury. Br J Anaesth. 107:559–566. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Chatterjee PK, Yeboah MM, Dowling O, Xue X, Powell SR, Al-Abed Y and Metz CN: Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists attenuate septic acute kidney injury in mice by suppressing inflammation and proteasome activity. PLoS One. 7:e353612012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Sitapara RA, Antoine DJ, Sharma L, Patel VS, Ashby CR Jr, Gorasiya S, Yang H, Zur M and Mantell LL: The α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist GTS-21 improves bacterial clearance in mice by restoring hyperoxia-compromised macrophage function. Mol Med. 20:238–247. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

World Medical Association General Assembly: Guiding principles for research involving animals and human beings. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 280:3p after R1913. 2002.

25 

Chen J, Tian X, Mei Z, Wang Y, Yao Y, Zhang S, Li X, Wang H, Zhang J and Xie C: The effect of the TLR9 ligand CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide on the protective immune response to radiation-induced lung fibrosis in mice. Mol Immunol. 80:33–40. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Pavlov VA, Ochani M, Yang LH, Gallowitsch-Puerta M, Ochani K, Lin X, Levi J, Parrish WR, Rosas-Ballina M, Czura CJ, et al: Selective alpha7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist GTS-21 improves survival in murine endotoxemia and severe sepsis. Crit Care Med. 35:1139–44. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Giebelen IA, van Westerloo DJ, LaRosa GJ, de Vos AF and van der Poll T: Local stimulation of alpha7 cholinergic receptors inhibits LPS-induced TNF-alpha release in the mouse lung. Shock. 28:700–703. 2007.PubMed/NCBI

28 

Hübner RH, Gitter W, Mokhtari NE El, Mathiak M, Both M, Bolte H, Freitag-Wolf S and Bewig B: Standardized quantification of pulmonary fibrosis in histological samples. Biotechniques. 44:507–511. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Livak KJ and Schmittgen TD: Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2−ΔΔCT method. Methods. 25:402–408. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Freedman R, Olincy A, Buchanan RW, Harris JG, Gold JM, Johnson L, Allensworth D, Guzman-Bonilla A, Clement B, Ball MP, et al: Initial phase 2 trial of a nicotinic agonist in schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry. 165:1040–1047. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Kitagawa H, Takenouchi T, Azuma R, Wesnes KA, Kramer WG, Clody DE and Burnett AL: Safety, pharmacokinetics, and effects on cognitive function of multiple doses of GTS-21 in healthy, male volunteers. Neuropsychopharmacology. 28:542–551. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Leib C, Goser S, Luthje D, Ottl R, Tretter T, Lasitschka F, Zittrich S, Pfitzer G, Katus HA and Kaya Z: Role of the cholinergic antiinflammatory pathway in murine autoimmune myocarditis. Circ Res. 109:130–140. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Saito-Fujita T, Iwakawa M, Nakamura E, Nakawatari M, Fujita H, Moritake T and Imai T: Attenuated lung fibrosis in interleukin 6 knock-out mice after C-ion irradiation to lung. J Radiat Res. 52:270–277. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Przybyszewska M, Miloszewska J, Rzonca S, Trembacz H, Pysniak K, Kotlarz A, Swoboda P, Zalewska M and Małecki M: Soluble TNF-α receptor I encoded on plasmid vector and its application in experimental gene therapy of radiation-induced lung fibrosis. Arch Immunol Ther Exp. 59:315–326. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar

35 

Zhao DY, Qu HJ, Guo JM, Zhao HN, Yang YY, Zhang P, Cao K, Lei X, Cui JG, Liu C, et al: Protective effects of myrtol standardized against radiation-induced lung injury. Cell Physiol Biochem. 38:619–634. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Rübe CE, Wilfert F, Palm J, König J, Burdak-Rothkamm S, Liu L, Schuck A, Willich N and Rübe C: Irradiation induces a biphasic expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the lung. Strahlenther Onkol. 180:442–448. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Haase MG, Klawitter A, Geyer P, Alheit H, Baumann M, Kriegel TM, Kasper M and Baretton GB: Sustained elevation of NF-kappaB DNA binding activity in radiation-induced lung damage in rats. Int J Radiat Biol. 79:863–877. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Li F, Chen Z, Pan Q, Fu S, Lin F, Ren H, Han H, Billiar TR, Sun F and Li Q: The protective effect of PNU-282987, a selective alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist, on the hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury is associated with the inhibition of high-mobility group box 1 protein expression and nuclear factor kappaB activation in mice. Shock. 39:197–203. 2013.PubMed/NCBI

39 

Café-Mendes CC, Garay-Malpartida HM, Malta MB, de Sá Lima L, Scavone C, Ferreira ZS, Markus RP and Marcourakis T: Chronic nicotine treatment decreases LPS signaling through NF-κB and TLR-4 modulation in the hippocampus. Neurosci Lett. 636:218–224. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Anders HJ, Banas B and Schlondorff D: Signaling danger: Toll-like receptors and their potential roles in kidney disease. J Am Soc Nephrol. 15:854–867. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Yu M, Wang H, Ding A, Golenbock DT, Latz E, Czura CJ, Fenton MJ, Tracey KJ and Yang H: HMGB1 signals through toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 and TLR2. Shock. 26:174–179. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

Rhieu BH, Epperly MW, Cao S, Goff J, Shields D, Franicola D, Wang H and Greenberger JS: Improved longevity of hematopoiesis in long-term bone marrow cultures and reduced irradiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis in Toll-like receptor-4 deletion recombinant-negative mice. In Vivo. 28:441–448. 2014.PubMed/NCBI

43 

Kox M, van Velzen JF, Pompe JC, Hoedemaekers CW, van der Hoeven JG and Pickkers P: GTS-21 inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokine release independent of the Toll-like receptor stimulated via a transcriptional mechanism involving JAK2 activation. Biochem Pharmacol. 78:863–872. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

44 

Guijarro-Munoz I, Compte M, Alvarez-Cienfuegos A, Alvarez-Vallina L and Sanz L: Lipopolysaccharide activates Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated NF-kappaB signaling pathway and proinflammatory response in human pericytes. J Biol Chem. 289:2457–2468. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

45 

He ZW, Qin YH, Wang ZW, Chen Y, Shen Q and Dai SM: HMGB1 acts in synergy with lipopolysaccharide in activating rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts via p38 MAPK and NF-kappaB signaling pathways. Mediators Inflamm. 2013:5967162013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

46 

Pusterla T, Nemeth J, Stein I, Wiechert L, Knigin D, Marhenke S, Longerich T, Kumar V, Arnold B, Vogel A, et al: Receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) is a key regulator of oval cell activation and inflammation-associated liver carcinogenesis in mice. Hepatology. 58:363–373. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

47 

Candeias SM and Testard I: The many interactions between the innate immune system and the response to radiation. Cancer Lett. 368:173–178. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

48 

Menendez D, Shatz M, Azzam K, Garantziotis S, Fessler MB and Resnick MA: The Toll-like receptor gene family is integrated into human DNA damage and p53 networks. PLoS Genet. 7:e10013602011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

49 

Li X, Ma D, Zha X, Quan D, Pan D, Sun M, Hu B and Zhao B: Ilomastat, a synthetic inhibitor of MMPs, prevents lung injury induced by γ-ray irradiation in mice. Oncotarget. 8:60789–60808. 2017.PubMed/NCBI

50 

Hiramoto T, Chida Y, Sonoda J, Yoshihara K, Sudo N and Kubo C: The hepatic vagus nerve attenuates Fas-induced apoptosis in the mouse liver via alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Gastroenterology. 134:2122–2131. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

51 

Navarro E, Buendia I, Parada E, León R, Jansen-Duerr P, Pircher H, Egea J and Lopez MG: Alpha7 nicotinic receptor activation protects against oxidative stress via heme-oxygenase I induction. Biochem Pharmacol. 97:473–481. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

52 

Yahyapour R, Motevaseli E, Rezaeyan A, Abdollahi H, Farhood B, Cheki M, Rezapoor S, Shabeeb D, Musa AE, Najafi M and Villa V: Reduction-oxidation (redox) system in radiation-induced normal tissue injury: Molecular mechanisms and implications in radiation therapeutics. Clin Transl Oncol. 20:975–988. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

53 

Jenkins SJ, Ruckerl D, Cook PC, Jones LH, Finkelman FD, van Rooijen N, MacDonald AS and Allen JE: Local macrophage proliferation, rather than recruitment from the blood, is a signature of TH2 inflammation. Science. 3(32): 1284–1288. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar

54 

Han G, Zhang H, Xie CH and Zhou YF: Th2-like immune response in radiation-induced lung fibrosis. Oncol Rep. 26:383–388. 2011.PubMed/NCBI

55 

Mei ZJ, Chen J, Xie CH, et al: α7-nAchR Agonist GTS-21 Reduces Radiation-Induced Lung Injury by Inhibiting HMGB1/TLR-4/NF-κB PathwayTopic: Biology, IASLC 17th World Conference. Vienna: 2016

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Mei Z, Tian X, Chen J, Wang Y, Yao Y, Li X, Yang C, Zhang S and Xie C: α7‑nAchR agonist GTS‑21 reduces radiation‑induced lung injury. Oncol Rep 40: 2287-2297, 2018.
APA
Mei, Z., Tian, X., Chen, J., Wang, Y., Yao, Y., Li, X. ... Xie, C. (2018). α7‑nAchR agonist GTS‑21 reduces radiation‑induced lung injury. Oncology Reports, 40, 2287-2297. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2018.6616
MLA
Mei, Z., Tian, X., Chen, J., Wang, Y., Yao, Y., Li, X., Yang, C., Zhang, S., Xie, C."α7‑nAchR agonist GTS‑21 reduces radiation‑induced lung injury". Oncology Reports 40.4 (2018): 2287-2297.
Chicago
Mei, Z., Tian, X., Chen, J., Wang, Y., Yao, Y., Li, X., Yang, C., Zhang, S., Xie, C."α7‑nAchR agonist GTS‑21 reduces radiation‑induced lung injury". Oncology Reports 40, no. 4 (2018): 2287-2297. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2018.6616
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Mei Z, Tian X, Chen J, Wang Y, Yao Y, Li X, Yang C, Zhang S and Xie C: α7‑nAchR agonist GTS‑21 reduces radiation‑induced lung injury. Oncol Rep 40: 2287-2297, 2018.
APA
Mei, Z., Tian, X., Chen, J., Wang, Y., Yao, Y., Li, X. ... Xie, C. (2018). α7‑nAchR agonist GTS‑21 reduces radiation‑induced lung injury. Oncology Reports, 40, 2287-2297. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2018.6616
MLA
Mei, Z., Tian, X., Chen, J., Wang, Y., Yao, Y., Li, X., Yang, C., Zhang, S., Xie, C."α7‑nAchR agonist GTS‑21 reduces radiation‑induced lung injury". Oncology Reports 40.4 (2018): 2287-2297.
Chicago
Mei, Z., Tian, X., Chen, J., Wang, Y., Yao, Y., Li, X., Yang, C., Zhang, S., Xie, C."α7‑nAchR agonist GTS‑21 reduces radiation‑induced lung injury". Oncology Reports 40, no. 4 (2018): 2287-2297. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2018.6616
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team