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The role of 17β‑estradiol‑induced upregulation of Piwi‑like 4 in modulating gene expression and motility in breast cancer cells

  • Authors:
    • Zealyn Shi Lin Heng
    • Jing Yi Lee
    • Charannya Sozheesvari Subhramanyam
    • Cheng Wang
    • Lal Zo Thanga
    • Qidong Hu
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117594, Republic of Singapore
    Copyright: © Heng et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 2525-2535
    |
    Published online on: August 31, 2018
       https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2018.6676
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Abstract

A majority of breast cancer cases are positive for the estrogen receptor (ER), which means that they can respond to the estrogen hormone to achieve growth. Hence, the ER signaling pathway has been extensively targeted in pharmaceutical research and development in order to suppress tumor growth. However, prevalent hormone therapy and targeted therapy often become ineffective as cancer cells ultimately develop resistance, suggesting that there could be unidentified signaling molecules and events that regulate breast cancer growth. Notably, recent studies have uncovered that Piwi‑like (Piwil) proteins, which were initially found in germline cells, are expressed in a wide spectrum of human cancers, including breast cancers. Although Piwil proteins have been well established to silence retrotransposons and to promote heterochromatin formation in germline cells, their somatic functions in cancer cells remain largely unknown. In the present study, we profiled the expression of four Piwi homologs in an ER‑positive breast cancer cell line, MCF‑7, and found that only Piwil4 was upregulated by 17β‑estradiol treatment. Notably, Piwil4 upregulation was not observed in an ER‑positive but non‑tumorigenic breast cancer cell line, MCF‑12A. In addition, the induced expression of Piwil4 was dependent on estrogen/ERα signaling. To explore the biological significance of Piwil4 in breast cancer growth, we knocked down Piwil4 with multiple siRNAs and observed the suppressed expression of some canonical targets of ER. The knockdown of Piwil4 expression also decreased the migration and invasion capabilities of MCF‑7 cells. Furthermore, the loss‑of‑function of Piwil4 reduced the motility of MCF‑7 cells in wound‑healing assays, which could be associated to decreased expression of vimentin and N‑cadherin. Collectively, these findings revealed that Piwil4 is a novel regulator of ER signaling that could be targeted to inhibit breast cancer growth and migration.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Heng Z, Lee J, Subhramanyam C, Wang C, Thanga L and Hu Q: The role of 17β‑estradiol‑induced upregulation of Piwi‑like 4 in modulating gene expression and motility in breast cancer cells. Oncol Rep 40: 2525-2535, 2018.
APA
Heng, Z., Lee, J., Subhramanyam, C., Wang, C., Thanga, L., & Hu, Q. (2018). The role of 17β‑estradiol‑induced upregulation of Piwi‑like 4 in modulating gene expression and motility in breast cancer cells. Oncology Reports, 40, 2525-2535. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2018.6676
MLA
Heng, Z., Lee, J., Subhramanyam, C., Wang, C., Thanga, L., Hu, Q."The role of 17β‑estradiol‑induced upregulation of Piwi‑like 4 in modulating gene expression and motility in breast cancer cells". Oncology Reports 40.5 (2018): 2525-2535.
Chicago
Heng, Z., Lee, J., Subhramanyam, C., Wang, C., Thanga, L., Hu, Q."The role of 17β‑estradiol‑induced upregulation of Piwi‑like 4 in modulating gene expression and motility in breast cancer cells". Oncology Reports 40, no. 5 (2018): 2525-2535. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2018.6676
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Heng Z, Lee J, Subhramanyam C, Wang C, Thanga L and Hu Q: The role of 17β‑estradiol‑induced upregulation of Piwi‑like 4 in modulating gene expression and motility in breast cancer cells. Oncol Rep 40: 2525-2535, 2018.
APA
Heng, Z., Lee, J., Subhramanyam, C., Wang, C., Thanga, L., & Hu, Q. (2018). The role of 17β‑estradiol‑induced upregulation of Piwi‑like 4 in modulating gene expression and motility in breast cancer cells. Oncology Reports, 40, 2525-2535. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2018.6676
MLA
Heng, Z., Lee, J., Subhramanyam, C., Wang, C., Thanga, L., Hu, Q."The role of 17β‑estradiol‑induced upregulation of Piwi‑like 4 in modulating gene expression and motility in breast cancer cells". Oncology Reports 40.5 (2018): 2525-2535.
Chicago
Heng, Z., Lee, J., Subhramanyam, C., Wang, C., Thanga, L., Hu, Q."The role of 17β‑estradiol‑induced upregulation of Piwi‑like 4 in modulating gene expression and motility in breast cancer cells". Oncology Reports 40, no. 5 (2018): 2525-2535. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2018.6676
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