Xanthohumol, a prenylated flavonoid from Hops, exerts anticancer effects against gastric cancer in vitro

Wei,Shanshan; Sun,Taoli; Du,Jie; Zhang,Bikui; Xiang,Daxiong; Li,Wenqun

doi:10.3892/or.2018.6723

Xanthohumol, a prenylated flavonoid from Hops, exerts anticancer effects against gastric cancer in vitro

Authors:
- Shanshan Wei
- Taoli Sun
- Jie Du
- Bikui Zhang
- Daxiong Xiang
- Wenqun Li
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Affiliations: Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China, Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Hu'nan Oriented Fundamental and Applied Research of Innovative Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan 410219, P.R. China, Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China, Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
Published online on: September 21, 2018 https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2018.6723
Pages: 3213-3222
Copyright: © Wei et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Xanthohumol (Xn), a prenylated flavonoid isolated from Hops (Humulus lupulus L.), has demonstrated potent anticancer activity in multiple types of cancer. However, the effect of Xn on gastric cancer (GC) remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of Xn on GC cell proliferation, apoptosis and metastasis. It was observed that Xn decreased the viability of GC cells, with very low or no toxicity to normal gastric epithelial cells GES‑1 at a concentration of 1‑100 µM. The proliferation of AGS cells was inhibited by Xn, as indicated by the decreased number of EdU‑positive cells. Xn treatment increased the number of apoptotic cells, downregulated the expression of Bcl‑2 and upregulated the expression of Bax, suggesting induction of apoptosis. The results from the wound healing and Transwell assays indicated that Xn suppressed AGS cell metastasis. Moreover, Xn induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction and inhibited nuclear factor (NF)‑κB signaling in AGS cells, which was reversed by the ROS inhibitor N‑acetylcysteine (NAC). NAC suppressed the effect of Xn on the proliferation, apoptosis and metastasis of AGS cells. Taken together, these results suggest that Xn exerts anticancer effects against GC via induction of ROS production and subsequent inhibition of NF‑κB signaling. Therefore, Xn may be a promising candidate treatment against GC progression.

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