Uncovering the interplay between pH receptors and immune cells: Potential drug targets (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Lin Cao
    • Tianqiao Huang
    • Xiaohong Chen
    • Weisha Li
    • Xingjiu Yang
    • Wenlong Zhang
    • Mengyuan Li
    • Ran Gao
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: September 3, 2021     https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2021.8179
  • Article Number: 228
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Abstract

Extracellular acidosis is associated with various immunopathological states. The microenvironment of numerous solid tumours and inflammatory responses during acute or chronic infection are all related to a pH range of 5.5‑7.0. The relationship between inflammation and immune escape, cancer metabolism, and immunologic suppression drives researchers to focus on the effects of low pH on diverse components of disease immune monitoring. The potential effect of low extracellular pH on the immune function reveals the importance of pH in inflammatory and immunoreactive processes. In this review, the mechanism of how pH receptors, including monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs), Na+/H+ exchanger 1, carbonic anhydrases (CAs), vacuolar‑ATPase, and proton‑sensing G‑protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), modulate the immune system in disease, especially in cancer, were studied. Their role in immunocyte growth and signal transduction as part of the immune response, as well as cytokine production, have been documented in great detail. Currently, immunotherapy strategies have positive therapeutic effects for patients. However, the acidic microenvironment may block the effect of immunotherapy through compensatory feedback mechanisms, leading to drug resistance. Therefore, we highlight promising therapeutic developments regarding pH manipulation and provide a framework for future research.
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October-2021
Volume 46 Issue 4

Print ISSN: 1021-335X
Online ISSN:1791-2431

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Copy and paste a formatted citation
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Spandidos Publications style
Cao L, Huang T, Chen X, Li W, Yang X, Zhang W, Li M and Gao R: Uncovering the interplay between pH receptors and immune cells: Potential drug targets (Review). Oncol Rep 46: 228, 2021
APA
Cao, L., Huang, T., Chen, X., Li, W., Yang, X., Zhang, W. ... Gao, R. (2021). Uncovering the interplay between pH receptors and immune cells: Potential drug targets (Review). Oncology Reports, 46, 228. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2021.8179
MLA
Cao, L., Huang, T., Chen, X., Li, W., Yang, X., Zhang, W., Li, M., Gao, R."Uncovering the interplay between pH receptors and immune cells: Potential drug targets (Review)". Oncology Reports 46.4 (2021): 228.
Chicago
Cao, L., Huang, T., Chen, X., Li, W., Yang, X., Zhang, W., Li, M., Gao, R."Uncovering the interplay between pH receptors and immune cells: Potential drug targets (Review)". Oncology Reports 46, no. 4 (2021): 228. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2021.8179