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ZBTB7A promotes malignant phenotypes in ovarian cancer through transcriptional activation of CRLF1

  • Authors:
    • Xiaobai Hao
    • Yu Chen
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Hao et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 102
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    Published online on: March 24, 2026
       https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2026.9107
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Abstract

Ovarian cancer (OV) remains the most lethal gynecological malignancy, owing to late‑stage diagnosis, high metastatic potential and limited therapeutic efficacy. Although the transcription factor zinc finger and BTB domain‑containing 7A (ZBTB7A) has been implicated in several types of cancer, its role in OV has not yet been systematically characterized. The present study comprehensively investigated the expression pattern, prognostic relevance, functional role and downstream mechanisms of ZBTB7A in OV progression. Multi‑cohort transcriptomic analyses across independent public datasets revealed consistent upregulation of ZBTB7A in OV tissues, and high expression predicted a significantly poor prognosis. Single‑cell RNA sequencing demonstrated that ZBTB7A‑high tumor cells were enriched in proliferative, migratory and epithelial‑mesenchymal transition‑related programs, accompanied by activation of oncogenic pathways such as Wnt/β‑catenin and Hippo‑YAP. Functional assays using overexpression and RNA interference demonstrated that ZBTB7A enhanced malignant phenotypes, including increased cell proliferation, DNA synthesis, clonogenic survival and migration. Further analyses identified cytokine receptor‑like factor 1 (CRLF1) as a key downstream effector of ZBTB7A. ZBTB7A overexpression elevated CRLF1 transcription, whereas CRLF1 knockdown abrogated ZBTB7A‑induced proliferation and migration, defining a functional ZBTB7A/CRLF1 oncogenic axis. Collectively, these findings establish ZBTB7A as an important transcriptional driver of OV aggressiveness and highlight the ZBTB7A/CRLF1 regulatory pathway as a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target.
View Figures

Figure 1

ZBTB7A is upregulated in ovarian
cancer and is associated with a poor prognosis. Volcano plots
showing differentially expressed genes in ovarian cancer vs. normal
tissue in (A) GSE26712, (B) GSE160626, (C) GSE143897 and (D)
GSE119168 datasets. (E) Venn diagram of common dysregulated genes
across all four datasets. (F) ZBTB7A highlighted in a
representative volcano plot. (G) Pan-cancer analysis of ZBTB7A
expression from the TNMplot database; the two boxplots for each
tissue represent normal (left) and tumor samples (right). Cancer
types labeled in red indicate a significant difference (P<0.05).
Ovarian cancer is marked in a red box. *P<0.05. (H) ZBTB7A was
significantly upregulated in ovarian cancer compared with in normal
tissues (TNMplot). (I) Immunohistochemical staining of ZBTB7A in
normal and tumor tissues (Human Protein Atlas database). Scale bar,
100 µm. (J) Kaplan-Meier survival curve showing that high ZBTB7A
expression was associated with worse overall survival (Gene
Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis). ZBTB7A, zinc finger and
BTB domain-containing 7A.

Figure 2

Single-cell analysis reveals that
ZBTB7A expression localizes to malignant epithelial cells and is
associated with aggressive phenotypes. This figure was generated
using Seurat. (A) UMAP plot showing cell type clustering. (B)
Marker gene expression of different cell clusters. (C) Tumor
signature score for lineage markers. (D) Monocyte score for lineage
markers. (E) Fibroblast signature score for lineage markers. (F) T
cell signature score for lineage markers. (G) Endothelial signature
score for lineage markers. (H) B cell score for lineage markers.
(I) Stratification of tumor cells into ZBTB7A-high and ZBTB7A-low
subsets. Enrichment of (J) migration, (K) EMT and (L) proliferation
programs in ZBTB7A-high tumor cells. Pathway scores show increased
(M) Wnt/β-catenin and (N) Hippo-YAP signaling in ZBTB7A-high cells.
EMT, epithelial-mesenchymal transition; UMAP, Uniform Manifold
Approximation and Projection; ZBTB7A, zinc finger and BTB
domain-containing 7A.

Figure 3

ZBTB7A-OE promotes the proliferation
and migration of ovarian cancer cells. Endogenous ZBTB7A (A) mRNA
and (B) protein expression across different ovarian cancer cell
lines. ZBTB7A-OE efficacy in OVCAR3 cells was analyzed by (C)
reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and (D) western blotting.
(E) Cell Counting Kit-8 assay showing increased viability. (F) EdU
incorporation assay indicating enhanced proliferation. Scale bar,
100 µm. (G) Colony formation assay showing increased clonogenicity.
(H) Transwell assay showing enhanced migration. Scale bar, 50 µm.
*P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001. ns, not significant; OE,
overexpression; ZBTB7A, zinc finger and BTB domain-containing
7A.

Figure 4

ZBTB7A knockdown inhibits the
proliferation and migration of ovarian cancer cells. ZBTB7A
knockdown efficacy was analyzed by (A) reverse
transcription-quantitative PCR and (B) western blotting (C) Cell
Counting Kit-8 assay showing increased viability. (D) EdU assay
confirming reduced proliferation. Scale bar, 100 µm. (E and G)
Representative images of colony formation assays in the indicated
groups and semi-quantification of colony numbers from three
independent experiments. Scale bar, 50 µm. (F and H) Representative
images of Transwell assay and semi-quantification of Transwell cell
numbers from three independent experiments. **P<0.01,
***P<0.001. NC, negative control; si, small interfering; ZBTB7A,
zinc finger and BTB domain-containing 7A.

Figure 5

ZBTB7A transcriptionally regulates
CRLF1 in ovarian cancer. (A) Venn diagram of predicted ZBTB7A
targets. (B) Correlation analysis of ZBTB7A with CDC27, CRLF1 and
LUC7L. (C) Kaplan-Meier survival analysis for each candidate (Gene
Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis). (D) CRLF1 expression is
elevated in ovarian cancer (pan-cancer); the two boxplots for each
tissue represent normal (left) and tumor samples (right). Cancer
types labeled in red indicate a significant difference (P<0.05).
Ovarian cancer is marked in a red box. *P<0.05. (E) CRLF1
expression is elevated in ovarian cancer (TNMplot). (F)
Immunohistochemical analysis from the Human Protein Atlas confirmed
upregulation of CRLF1. Scale bar, 100 µm. (G) ZBTB7A binding motifs
and predicted promoter region. (H) Luciferase reporter assay
validating CRLF1 transcriptional activation. (I) ChIP-quantitative
PCR analysis assays were performed in OVCAR3 cells using an
anti-ZBTB7A antibody or IgG control. ***P<0.001. ChIP, chromatin
immunoprecipitation; CRLF1, cytokine receptor-like factor 1; ORF,
open reading frame; TSS, transcription start site; ZBTB7A, zinc
finger and BTB domain-containing 7A.

Figure 6

CRLF1 mediates ZBTB7A-induced
oncogenic phenotypes. (A) Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR
and (B) western blotting analyzed CRLF1 knockdown and ZBTB7A-OE.
(C) Cell Counting Kit-8 assay showing rescue of proliferation after
CRLF1 knockdown. (D) EdU assay showing impaired DNA synthesis.
Scale bar, 100 µm. (E) Representative images of colony formation
assays in the indicated groups. (F) Representative images of
Transwell assays in the indicated groups. (G) Semi-quantification
of colony numbers from three independent experiments. (H)
Semi-quantification of cell numbers from three independent
Transwell assay experiments. Scale bar, 50 µm. (I) Western blot
analysis of p-AKT (Ser473) and total AKT in OVCAR3 cells.
Representative blots are shown and semi-quantitative analysis of
p-AKT normalized to total AKT is presented. Data are presented as
the mean ± SD from three independent experiments. **P<0.01,
***P<0.001. CRLF1, cytokine receptor-like factor 1; OE,
overexpression; p-, phosphorylated; si, small interfering; ZBTB7A,
zinc finger and BTB domain-containing 7A.
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Spandidos Publications style
Hao X and Chen Y: ZBTB7A promotes malignant phenotypes in ovarian cancer through transcriptional activation of CRLF1. Oncol Rep 55: 102, 2026.
APA
Hao, X., & Chen, Y. (2026). ZBTB7A promotes malignant phenotypes in ovarian cancer through transcriptional activation of CRLF1. Oncology Reports, 55, 102. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2026.9107
MLA
Hao, X., Chen, Y."ZBTB7A promotes malignant phenotypes in ovarian cancer through transcriptional activation of CRLF1". Oncology Reports 55.5 (2026): 102.
Chicago
Hao, X., Chen, Y."ZBTB7A promotes malignant phenotypes in ovarian cancer through transcriptional activation of CRLF1". Oncology Reports 55, no. 5 (2026): 102. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2026.9107
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Spandidos Publications style
Hao X and Chen Y: ZBTB7A promotes malignant phenotypes in ovarian cancer through transcriptional activation of CRLF1. Oncol Rep 55: 102, 2026.
APA
Hao, X., & Chen, Y. (2026). ZBTB7A promotes malignant phenotypes in ovarian cancer through transcriptional activation of CRLF1. Oncology Reports, 55, 102. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2026.9107
MLA
Hao, X., Chen, Y."ZBTB7A promotes malignant phenotypes in ovarian cancer through transcriptional activation of CRLF1". Oncology Reports 55.5 (2026): 102.
Chicago
Hao, X., Chen, Y."ZBTB7A promotes malignant phenotypes in ovarian cancer through transcriptional activation of CRLF1". Oncology Reports 55, no. 5 (2026): 102. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2026.9107
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