Systematic review of the role of indocyanine green near‑infrared fluorescence in safe laparoscopic cholecystectomy (Review)

Serban,Dragos; Badiu,Dumitru Cristinel; Davitoiu,Dragos; Tanasescu,Ciprian; Tudosie,Mihail Silviu; Sabau,Alexandru Dan; Dascalu,Ana Maria; Tudor,Corneliu; Balasescu,Simona Andreea; Socea,Bogdan; Costea,Daniel Ovidiu; Zgura,Anca; Costea,Andreea Cristina; Tribus,Laura Carina; Smarandache,Catalin Gabriel

doi:10.3892/etm.2021.11110

Systematic review of the role of indocyanine green near‑infrared fluorescence in safe laparoscopic cholecystectomy (Review)

Authors:
- Dragos Serban
- Dumitru Cristinel Badiu
- Dragos Davitoiu
- Ciprian Tanasescu
- Mihail Silviu Tudosie
- Alexandru Dan Sabau
- Ana Maria Dascalu
- Corneliu Tudor
- Simona Andreea Balasescu
- Bogdan Socea
- Daniel Ovidiu Costea
- Anca Zgura
- Andreea Cristina Costea
- Laura Carina Tribus
- Catalin Gabriel Smarandache
View Affiliations

Affiliations: Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania, Third Clinical Department, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Lucian Blaga’ University of Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania, Discipline of Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania, Fourth Department of Surgery, Emergency University Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania, Department of Clinical Surgical Disciplines I, Faculty of Medicine, Ovidius University, 900527 Constanta, Romania, Department of Radiology, Oncology, and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020011 Bucharest, Romania, Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, ‘Diaverum’ Clinic, 900612 Constanta, Romania, Department of Internal Medicine Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020011 Bucharest, Romania
Published online on: December 30, 2021 https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.11110
Article Number: 187

Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )

Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )

Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

Abstract

With the widespread introduction of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, the incidence of iatrogenic main bile duct lesions has significantly increased, with incidences ranging from 0.2 to 1.5% according to current studies. Although there are studies regarding the use of indocyanine green (ICG) for improved visualization of the biliary anatomy, there is no consensus on the dose, timing and optimal mode of administration, or the indications in which ICG provides a real benefit through increased safety in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). A systematic review was performed on articles in English published until March 2021, which were identified on PubMed, Springer Nature, Elsevier and Scopus via specific mesh terms: ‘Indocyanine green’/‘near‑infrared fluorescence’ and ‘laparoscopic cholecystitis’. The most used method of administration of ICG was intravenously, only one study evaluated the efficiency of a near‑infrared cholangiogram (NIRC) when ICG was administered directly in the gallbladder. The majority of the studies included in the review used 2.5 mg of ICG administered within 1 h before imaging. The intensity of the NIRC fluorescence signal was revealed to depend on several factors, with obesity and inflammation as the most clinically significant. NIRC was reported to be a simple, feasible, safe and cost‑effective procedure, which may improve safety in difficult cases of LC. NIRC use in combination with white light has been demonstrated to be superior to white light alone in identifying extrahepatic biliary anatomy, thus decreasing the risk of intraoperative bile duct injuries (BDI). For its large‑scale use, data on a higher number of patients to confirm its clinical value and specific indications is required.

View Figures

View References

1	Gupta V and Jain G: Safe laparoscopic cholecystectomy: Adoption of universal culture of safety in cholecystectomy. World J Gastrointest Surg. 11:62–84. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
2	van de Graaf FW, Zaïmi I, Stassen LPS and Lange JF: Safe laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A systematic review of bile duct injury prevention. Int J Surg. 60:164–172. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
3	Conrad C, Wakabayashi G, Asbun HJ, Dallemagne B, Demartines N, Diana M, Fuks D, Giménez ME, Goumard C, Kaneko H, et al: IRCAD recommendation on safe laparoscopic cholecystectomy. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 24:603–615. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
4	Serban D, Socea B, Balasescu SA, Badiu CD, Tudor C, Dascalu AM, Vancea G, Spataru RI, Sabau AD, Sabau D and Tanasescu C: Safety of laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis in the elderly: A multivariate analysis of risk factors for intra and postoperative complications. Medicina (Kaunas). 57(230)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
5	Fometescu SG, Costache M, Coveney A, Oprescu SM, Serban D and Savlovschi C: Peritoneal fibrinolytic activity and adhesiogenesis. Chirurgia (Bucur). 108:331–340. 2013.PubMed/NCBI
6	Song GM, Bian W, Zeng XT, Zhou JG, Luo YQ and Tian X: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis: Early or delayed?: Evidence from a systematic review of discordant meta-analyses. Medicine (Baltimore). 95(e3835)2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
7	Bleszynski MS, DeGirolamo KM, Meneghetti AT, Chiu CJ and Panton ON: Fluorescent cholangiography in laparoscopic cholecystectomy: An updated canadian experience. Surg Innov. 27:38–43. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
8	Ishizawa T, Tamura S, Masuda K, Aoki T, Hasegawa K, Imamura H, Beck Y and Kokudo N: Intraoperative fluorescent cholangiography using indocyanine green: A biliary road map for safe surgery. J Am Coll Surg. 208:e1–e4. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
9	Dip F, Lo Menzo E, White KP and Rosenthal RJ: Does near-infrared fluorescent cholangiography with indocyanine green reduce bile duct injuries and conversions to open surgery during laparoscopic or robotic cholecystectomy? -A meta-analysis. Surgery. 169:859–867. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
10	van Manen L, Handgraaf HJM, Diana M, Dijkstra J, Ishizawa T, Vahrmeijer AL and Mieog JSD: A practical guide for the use of indocyanine green and methylene blue in fluorescence-guided abdominal surgery. J Surg Oncol. 118:283–300. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
11	Dip F, LoMenzo E, Sarotto L, Phillips E, Todeschini H, Nahmod M, Alle L, Schneider S, Kaja L, Boni L, et al: Randomized trial of near-infrared incisionless fluorescent cholangiography. Ann Surg. 270:992–999. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
12	Agnus V, Pesce A, Boni L, Van Den Bos J, Morales-Conde S, Paganini AM, Quaresima S, Balla A, La Greca G, Plaudis H, et al: Fluorescence-based cholangiography: Preliminary results from the IHU-IRCAD-EAES EURO-FIGS registry. Surg Endosc. 34:3888–3896. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
13	Liu YY, Liao CH, Diana M, Wang SY, Kong SH, Yeh CN, Dallemagne B, Marescaux J and Yeh TS: Near-infrared cholecystocholangiography with direct intragallbladder indocyanine green injection: Preliminary clinical results. Surg Endosc. 32:1506–1514. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
14	Daskalaki D, Fernandes E, Wang X, Bianco FM, Elli EF, Ayloo S, Masrur M, Milone L and Giulianotti PC: Indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescent cholangiography during robotic cholecystectomy: Results of 184 consecutive cases in a single institution. Surg Innov. 21:615–621. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
15	Buchs NC, Hagen ME, Pugin F, Volonte F, Bucher P, Schiffer E and Morel P: Intra-operative fluorescent cholangiography using indocyanin green during robotic single site cholecystectomy. Int J Med Robot. 8:436–440. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
16	Wang C, Peng W, Yang J, Li Y, Yang J, Hu X, Xia L, Zhang L, Zhong Y, Qiao L and Pan W: Application of near-infrared fluorescent cholangiography using indocyanine green in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. J Int Med Res. 48(300060520979224)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
17	Koong JK, Ng GH, Ramayah K, Koh PS and Yoong BK: Early identification of the critical view of safety in laparoscopic cholecystectomy using indocyanine green fluorescence cholangiography: A randomised controlled study. Asian J Surg. 44:537–543. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
18	Matsumura M, Kawaguchi Y, Kobayashi Y, Kobayashi K, Ishizawa T, Akamatsu N, Kaneko J, Arita J, Kokudo N and Hasegawa K: Indocyanine green administration a day before surgery may increase bile duct detectability on fluorescence cholangiography during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 28:202–210. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
19	Yoshiya S, Minagawa R, Kamo K, Kasai M, Taketani K, Yukaya T, Kimura Y, Koga T, Kai M, Kajiyama K and Yoshizumi T: Usability of intraoperative fluorescence imaging with indocyanine green during laparoscopic cholecystectomy after percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage. World J Surg. 43:127–133. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
20	Sharma S, Huang R, Hui S, Smith MC, Chung PJ, Schwartzman A and Sugiyama G: The utilization of fluorescent cholangiography during robotic cholecystectomy at an inner-city academic medical center. J Robot Surg. 12:481–485. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
21	Gangemi A, Danilkowicz R, Elli FE, Bianco F, Masrur M and Giulianotti PC: Could ICG-aided robotic cholecystectomy reduce the rate of open conversion reported with laparoscopic approach? A head to head comparison of the largest single institution studies. J Robot Surg. 11:77–82. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
22	Spinoglio G, Priora F, Bianchi PP, Lucido FS, Licciardello A, Maglione V, Grosso F, Quarati R, Ravazzoni F and Lenti LM: Real-time near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent cholangiography in single-site robotic cholecystectomy (SSRC): A single-institutional prospective study. Surg Endosc. 27:2156–2162. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
23	Osayi SN, Wendling MR, Drosdeck JM, Chaudhry UI, Perry KA, Noria SF, Mikami DJ, Needleman BJ, Muscarella P II, Abdel-Rasoul M, et al: Near-infrared fluorescent cholangiography facilitates identification of biliary anatomy during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surg Endosc. 29:368–375. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
24	Ambe PC, Plambeck J, Fernandez-Jesberg V and Zarras K: The role of indocyanine green fluoroscopy for intraoperative bile duct visualization during laparoscopic cholecystectomy: An observational cohort study in 70 patients. Patient Safe Surg. 13(2)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
25	Quaresima S, Balla A, Palmieri L, Seitaj A, Fingerhut A, Ursi P and Paganini AM: Routine near infra-red indocyanine green fluorescent cholangiography versus intraoperative cholangiography during laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A case-matched comparison. Surg Endosc. 34:1959–1967. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
26	Ankersmit M, van Dam DA, van Rijswijk AS, van den Heuvel B, Tuynman JB and Meijerink WJHJ: Fluorescent imaging with indocyanine green during laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients at increased risk of bile duct injury. Surg Innov. 24:245–252. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
27	Broderick RC, Lee AM, Cheverie JN, Zhao B, Blitzer RR, Patel RJ, Soltero S, Sandler BJ, Jacobsen GR, Doucet JJ and Horgan S: Fluorescent cholangiography significantly improves patient outcomes for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surg Endosc. 35:5729–5739. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
28	Dip F, Nguyen D, Montorfano L, Szretter Noste ME, Lo Menzo E, Simpfendorfer C, Szomstein S and Rosenthal R: Accuracy of near infrared-guided surgery in morbidly obese subjects undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Obes Surg. 26:525–530. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
29	Boogerd LSF, Handgraaf HJM, Huurman VAL, Lam HD, Mieog JSD, van der Made WJ, van de Velde CJH and Vahrmeijer AL: The best approach for laparoscopic fluorescence cholangiography: Overview of the literature and optimization of dose and dosing time. Surg Innov. 24:386–396. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
30	Chen Q, Zhou R, Weng J, Lai Y, Liu H, Kuang J, Zhang S, Wu Z, Wang W and Gu W: Extrahepatic biliary tract visualization using near-infrared fluorescence imaging with indocyanine green: Optimization of dose and dosing time. Surg Endosc. 35:5573–5582. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
31	Kono Y, Ishizawa T, Tani K, Harada N, Kaneko J, Saiura A, Bandai Y and Kokudo N: Techniques of fluorescence cholangiography during laparoscopic cholecystectomy for better delineation of the bile duct anatomy. Medicine (Baltimore). 94(e1005)2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
32	Diana M, Soler L, Agnus V, D'Urso A, Vix M, Dallemagne B, Faucher V, Roy C, Mutter D, Marescaux J and Pessaux P: Prospective evaluation of precision multimodal gallbladder surgery navigation: Virtual reality, near-infrared fluorescence, and X-ray-based intraoperative cholangiography. Ann Surg. 266:890–897. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
33	Vlek SL, van Dam DA, Rubinstein SM, de Lange-de Klerk ESM, Schoonmade LJ, Tuynman JB, Meijerink WJHJ and Ankersmit M: Biliary tract visualization using near-infrared imaging with indocyanine green during laparoscopic cholecystectomy: Results of a systematic review. Surg Endosc. 31:2731–2742. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
34	Liu Y, Peng Y, Su S, Fang C, Qin S, Wang X, Xia X, Li B and He P: A meta-analysis of indocyanine green fluorescence image-guided laparoscopic cholecystectomy for benign gallbladder disease. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 32(101948)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
35	Pesce A, Piccolo G, La Greca G and Puleo S: Utility of fluorescent cholangiography during laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A systematic review. World J Gastroenterol. 21:7877–7883. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
36	van den Bos J, Wieringa FP, Bouvy ND and Stassen LPS: Optimizing the image of fluorescence cholangiography using ICG: a systematic review and ex vivo experiments. Surg Endosc. 32:4820–4832. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar