Open Access

Docosahexaenoic acid improves altered mineralization proteins, the decreased quality of hydroxyapatite crystals and suppresses oxidative stress induced by high glucose

  • Authors:
    • Saúl Ernesto Cifuentes‑Mendiola
    • Leticia Moreno‑Fierros
    • Patricia González‑Alva
    • Ana Lilia García‑Hernández
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: January 21, 2022     https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2022.11160
  • Article Number: 235
  • Copyright: © Cifuentes‑Mendiola et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) experience an increased risk of fractures and a variety of bone pathologies, such as osteoporosis. The suggested mechanisms of increased fracture risk in DM2 include chronic hyperglycaemia, which provokes oxidative stress, alters bone matrix, and decreases the quality of hydroxyapatite crystals. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an omega‑3 fatty acid, can increase bone formation, reduce bone loss, and it possesses antioxidant/anti‑inflammatory properties. The present study aimed to determine the effect of DHA on altered osteoblast mineralisation and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by high glucose concentrations. A human osteoblast cell line was treated with 5.5 mM glucose (NG) or 24 mM glucose (HG), alone or in combination with 10 or 20 µM DHA. The collagen type 1 (Col1) scaffold, the expression of osteocalcin (OCN) and bone sialoprotein type‑II (BSP‑II), the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) specific activity, the mineral quality, the production of ROS and the mRNA expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2‑related factor‑2 (NRF2) were analysed. Osteoblasts cultured in HG and treated with either DHA concentration displayed an improved distribution of the Col1 scaffold, increased OCN and BSP‑II expression, increased NRF2 mRNA, decreased ALP activity, carbonate substitution and reduced ROS production compared with osteoblasts cultured in HG alone. DHA counteracts the adverse effects of HG on bone mineral matrix quality and reduces oxidative stress, possibly by increasing the expression of NRF2.
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March-2022
Volume 23 Issue 3

Print ISSN: 1792-0981
Online ISSN:1792-1015

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Spandidos Publications style
Cifuentes‑Mendiola SE, Moreno‑Fierros L, González‑Alva P and García‑Hernández AL: Docosahexaenoic acid improves altered mineralization proteins, the decreased quality of hydroxyapatite crystals and suppresses oxidative stress induced by high glucose. Exp Ther Med 23: 235, 2022
APA
Cifuentes‑Mendiola, S.E., Moreno‑Fierros, L., González‑Alva, P., & García‑Hernández, A.L. (2022). Docosahexaenoic acid improves altered mineralization proteins, the decreased quality of hydroxyapatite crystals and suppresses oxidative stress induced by high glucose. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 23, 235. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2022.11160
MLA
Cifuentes‑Mendiola, S. E., Moreno‑Fierros, L., González‑Alva, P., García‑Hernández, A. L."Docosahexaenoic acid improves altered mineralization proteins, the decreased quality of hydroxyapatite crystals and suppresses oxidative stress induced by high glucose". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 23.3 (2022): 235.
Chicago
Cifuentes‑Mendiola, S. E., Moreno‑Fierros, L., González‑Alva, P., García‑Hernández, A. L."Docosahexaenoic acid improves altered mineralization proteins, the decreased quality of hydroxyapatite crystals and suppresses oxidative stress induced by high glucose". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 23, no. 3 (2022): 235. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2022.11160