Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
International Journal of Molecular Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1107-3756 Online ISSN: 1791-244X
Journal Cover
October-2019 Volume 44 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
October-2019 Volume 44 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

Green tea polyphenols attenuate hepatic steatosis, and reduce insulin resistance and inflammation in high-fat diet-induced rats

  • Authors:
    • Hong‑Miao Xia
    • Jin Wang
    • Xiao‑Jie Xie
    • Li‑Juan Xu
    • Shi‑Qi Tang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Medical Examination Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
  • Pages: 1523-1530
    |
    Published online on: July 23, 2019
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2019.4285
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance and inflammation; however, the exact pathogenesis of NAFLD is not fully understood. Green tea polyphenols (GTP) exhibit beneficial effects against metabolic syndrome. However, the effect of GTP on NAFLD remains largely unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of GTP on NAFLD in high‑fat diet (HFD)‑induced rats. The NAFLD rat model was induced with a HFD for 8 weeks. A total of 30 adult male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: i) Normal control group; ii) HFD group; and iii) HFD with GTP group. Hematoxylin and eosin and Oil Red O analyses were performed. The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate amino­transferase (AST) and inflammatory cytokines in the serum, as well as oxidative stress markers and hepatic lipids in the liver were measured. In addition, parameters associated with glucose metabolism were also assessed. Western blotting and RT‑qPCR were used to determine the expression levels of 5' adenosine monophosphate‑activated protein kinase (AMPK). HFD‑induced rats exhibited features associated with NAFLD. GTP intervention significantly reduced serum ALT and AST levels. Fasting serum glucose, insulin resistance and hepatic lipid levels were all decreased in the GTP‑treated rats. GTP also significantly decreased the levels of TNF‑α, IL‑6 and malondialdehyde. In contrast, superoxide dismutase levels were increased in the liver. Furthermore, GTP also significantly increased phosphorylation of AMPK and attenuated histopathological changes indicative of injury in liver tissue. GTP has a protective effect on HFD‑induced hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance and inflammation, and the underlying mechanism may involve the AMPK pathway.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

View References

1 

Lee JH, Baek SY, Jang EJ, Ku SK, Kim KM, Ki SH, Kim CE, Park KI, Kim SC and Kim YW: Oxyresveratrol ameliorates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by regulating hepatic lipogenesis and fatty acid oxidation through liver kinase B1 and AMP-activated protein kinase. Chem Biol Interact. 289:68–74. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Chalasani N, Younossi Z, Lavine JE, Charlton M, Cusi K, Rinella M, Harrison SA, Brunt EM and Sanyal AJ: The diagnosis and management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Practice guidance from the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. Hepatology. 67:328–357. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar

3 

Williams CD, Stengel J, Asike MI, Torres DM, Shaw J, Contreras M, Landt CL and Harrison SA: Prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis among a largely middle-aged population utilizing ultrasound and liver biopsy: A prospective study. Gastroenterology. 140:124–131. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar

4 

Wong VW, Chu WC, Wong GL, Chan RS, Chim AM, Ong A, Yeung DK, Yiu KK, Chu SH, Woo J, et al: Prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and advanced fibrosis in Hong Kong Chinese: A population study using proton-magnetic resonance spectroscopy and transient elastography. Gut. 61:409–415. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar

5 

Luo P, Qin C, Zhu L, Fang C, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Pei F, Tian S, Zhu XY, Gong J, et al: Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 10 (USP10) inhibits hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance, and inflammation through Sirt6. Hepatology. 68:1786–1803. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Anstee QM, Targher G and Day CP: Progression of NAFLD to diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease or cirrhosis. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 10:330–344. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Samuel VT, Liu ZX, Qu X, Elder BD, Bilz S, Befroy D, Romanelli AJ and Shulman GI: Mechanism of hepatic insulin resistance in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Biol Chem. 279:32345–32353. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Savage DB, Petersen KF and Shulman GI: Disordered lipid metabolism and the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. Physiol Rev. 87:507–520. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

El-Sherbiny M, Eldosoky M, El-Shafey M, Othman G, Elkattawy HA, Bedir T and Elsherbiny NM: Vitamin D nano-emulsion enhances hepatoprotective effect of conventional vitamin D in rats fed with a high-fat diet. Chem Biol Interact. 288:65–75. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Day CP: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A massive problem. Clin Med (Lond). 11:176–178. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar

11 

Ding S, Jiang J, Zhang G, Bu Y, Zhang G and Zhao X: Resveratrol and caloric restriction prevent hepatic steatosis by regulating SIRT1-autophagy pathway and alleviating endoplasmic reticulum stress in high-fat diet-fed rats. PLoS One. 12:e01835412017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Rotman Y and Sanyal AJ: Current and upcoming pharmacotherapy for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Gut. 66:180–190. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar

13 

Sabu MC, Smitha K and Kuttan R: Anti-diabetic activity of green tea polyphenols and their role in reducing oxidative stress in experimental diabetes. J Ethnopharmacol. 83:109–116. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Kim JJ, Tan Y, Xiao L, Sun YL and Qu X: Green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate enhance glycogen synthesis and inhibit lipogenesis in hepatocytes. Biomed Res Int. 2013:9201282013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Lubaczeuski C, Gonçalves LM, Vettorazzi JF, Kurauti MA, Santos-Silva JC, Bonfleur ML, Boschero AC, Costa-Júnior JM and Carneiro EM: Vagotomy reduces insulin clearance in obese mice programmed by low-protein diet in the adolescence. Neural Plast. 2017:96529782017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Kalantar M, Kalantari H, Goudarzi M, Khorsandi L, Bakhit S and Kalantar H: Crocin ameliorates methotrexate-induced liver injury via inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammation in rats. Pharmacol Rep. 71:746–752. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Jiang S, Tang X, Wang K, Liang Y, Qian Y, Lu C and Cai L: Hepatic functional and pathological changes of type 1 diabetic mice in growing and maturation time. J Cell Mol Med. Jun 20–2019, (Epub ahead of print). http://doi.org/10.1111/jcmm.14504urisimpledoi.org/10.1111/jcmm.14504. View Article : Google Scholar

18 

Livak KJ and Schmittgen TD: Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method. Methods. 25:402–408. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar

19 

Tilg H and Moschen AR: Insulin resistance, inflammation, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 19:371–379. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Gong J, Fang C, Zhang P, Wang PX, Qiu Y, Shen LJ, Zhang L, Zhu XY, Tian S, Li F, et al: Tumor progression locus 2 in hepatocytes potentiates both liver and systemic metabolic disorders in mice. Hepatology. 69:524–544. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar

21 

Zhao GN, Zhang P, Gong J, Zhang XJ, Wang PX, Yin M, Jiang Z, Shen LJ, Ji YX, Tong J, et al: Tmbim1 is a multivesicular body regulator that protects against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice and monkeys by targeting the lysosomal degradation of Tlr4. Nat Med. 23:742–752. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Kitade H, Chen G, Ni Y and Ota T: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and insulin resistance: New insights and potential new treatments. Nutrients. 9:pii: E387. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Samuel VT and Shulman GI: Mechanisms for insulin resistance: Common threads and missing links. Cell. 148:852–871. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Arora A and Sharma P: Non-invasive diagnosis of fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Clin Exp Hepatol. 2:145–155. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Podrini C, Borghesan M, Greco A, Pazienza V, Mazzoccoli G and Vinciguerra M: Redox homeostasis and epigenetics in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Curr Pharm Des. 19:2737–2746. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar

26 

Reddy VP, Zhu X, Perry G and Smith MA: Oxidative stress in diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. J Alzheimers Dis. 16:763–774. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Kishimoto T: IL-6: From its discovery to clinical applications. Int Immunol. 22:347–352. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Lesmana CR, Hasan I, Budihusodo U, Gani RA, Krisnuhoni E, Akbar N and Lesmana LA: Diagnostic value of a group of biochemical markers of liver fibrosis in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. J Dig Dis. 10:201–206. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Xiao J, Ho CT, Liong EC, Nanji AA, Leung TM, Lau TY, Fung ML and Tipoe GL: Epigallocatechin gallate attenuates fibrosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease rat model through TGF/SMAD, PI3 K/Akt/FoxO1, and NF-kappa B pathways. Eur J Nutr. 53:187–199. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar

30 

Wen H, Ting JP and O'Neill LA: A role for the NLRP3 inflam-masome in metabolic diseases-did Warburg miss inflammation? Nat Immunol. 13:352–357. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Park MH, Kim DH, Lee EK, Kim ND, Im DS, Lee J, Yu BP and Chung HY: Age-related inflammation and insulin resistance: A review of their intricate interdependency. Arch Pharm Res. 37:1507–1514. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Guturu P and Duchini A: Etiopathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: Role of obesity, insulin resistance and mechanisms of hepatotoxicity. Int J Hepatol. 2012:2128652012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Jones JG: Hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism. Diabetologia. 59:1098–1103. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Lambert JE, Ramos-Roman MA, Browning JD and Parks EJ: Increased de novo lipogenesis is a distinct characteristic of individuals with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Gastroenterology. 146:726–735. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar

35 

Smith BK, Marcinko K, Desjardins EM, Lally JS, Ford RJ and Steinberg GR: Treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Role of AMPK. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 311:E730–E740. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Chiu CY, Chan IL, Yang TH, Liu SH and Chiang MT: Supplementation of chitosan alleviates high-fat diet-enhanced lipogenesis in rats via adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase activation and inhibition of lipogenesis-associated genes. J Agric Food Chem. 63:2979–2988. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Cho YS, Lee JI, Shin D, Kim HT, Jung HY, Lee TG, Kang LW, Ahn YJ, Cho HS and Heo YS: Molecular mechanism for the regulation of human ACC2 through phosphorylation by AMPK. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 391:187–192. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar

38 

Choi S, Choi Y, Choi Y, Kim S, Jang J and Park T: Piperine reverses high fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance in mice. Food Chem. 141:3627–3635. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Xia HM, Wang J, Xie XJ, Xu LJ and Tang SQ: Green tea polyphenols attenuate hepatic steatosis, and reduce insulin resistance and inflammation in high-fat diet-induced rats. Int J Mol Med 44: 1523-1530, 2019.
APA
Xia, H., Wang, J., Xie, X., Xu, L., & Tang, S. (2019). Green tea polyphenols attenuate hepatic steatosis, and reduce insulin resistance and inflammation in high-fat diet-induced rats. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 44, 1523-1530. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2019.4285
MLA
Xia, H., Wang, J., Xie, X., Xu, L., Tang, S."Green tea polyphenols attenuate hepatic steatosis, and reduce insulin resistance and inflammation in high-fat diet-induced rats". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 44.4 (2019): 1523-1530.
Chicago
Xia, H., Wang, J., Xie, X., Xu, L., Tang, S."Green tea polyphenols attenuate hepatic steatosis, and reduce insulin resistance and inflammation in high-fat diet-induced rats". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 44, no. 4 (2019): 1523-1530. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2019.4285
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Xia HM, Wang J, Xie XJ, Xu LJ and Tang SQ: Green tea polyphenols attenuate hepatic steatosis, and reduce insulin resistance and inflammation in high-fat diet-induced rats. Int J Mol Med 44: 1523-1530, 2019.
APA
Xia, H., Wang, J., Xie, X., Xu, L., & Tang, S. (2019). Green tea polyphenols attenuate hepatic steatosis, and reduce insulin resistance and inflammation in high-fat diet-induced rats. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 44, 1523-1530. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2019.4285
MLA
Xia, H., Wang, J., Xie, X., Xu, L., Tang, S."Green tea polyphenols attenuate hepatic steatosis, and reduce insulin resistance and inflammation in high-fat diet-induced rats". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 44.4 (2019): 1523-1530.
Chicago
Xia, H., Wang, J., Xie, X., Xu, L., Tang, S."Green tea polyphenols attenuate hepatic steatosis, and reduce insulin resistance and inflammation in high-fat diet-induced rats". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 44, no. 4 (2019): 1523-1530. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2019.4285
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team