Surgical interventions on pediatric tumors: Clinicians’ insights on treatment modalities and future directions

Pediatric tumors include solid tumors of soft tissue, bone, hematologic malignancies, central nervous system tumors, and other organ systems. Thankfully, in children, most of the lesions are benign; untreated, they also can cause serious medical issues. Thanks to the collaborative efforts of surgeons, pediatric oncologists, and radiation oncologists, the cure rates for pediatric tumors have significantly improved over the last 30 years. In the past, tumors were cured using extensive surgical resection. However, with the discovery of effective chemotherapeutic agents, pediatric oncologists, surgeons, and radiation oncologists formed cooperative groups, and their adopted approach resulted in rapid improvements in cure rates. This progress would not have been possible without standardized and optimal therapy applied to the next generation of protocols, benefiting numerous children and paving the way for more effective tumor treatments. Pediatric surgeons play an important role in the surgical treatment of tumors and often represent the first point of contact. As part of a multidisciplinary team, they deliver a diagnosis and develop a follow-up and treatment plan. Familiarity with common tumors will ensure evidence-based practices are followed, including important principles such as organ preservation and intensified surveillance plans. This special issue encompasses the multidisciplinary approach to pediatric tumor treatment, including, but not limited to, the role of pediatric surgeons, pediatric oncologists, and radiation oncologists in the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up care of pediatric tumors.